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Orgasm

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="Orgasm_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Orgasm (disambiguation)">Orgasm (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

Orgasm (from <a href="Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> ὀργασμός, orgasmos; "excitement, swelling"), sexual climax, or simply climax, is the sudden release of accumulated <a href="Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual excitement</a> during the <a href="Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">sexual response cycle</a>, characterized by intense sexual <a href="Pleasure" title="Pleasure">pleasure</a> resulting in rhythmic, involuntary <a href="Muscle_contraction" title="Muscle contraction">muscular contractions</a> in the <a href="Pelvis" title="Pelvis">pelvic</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-dictbiopsych-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a> Orgasms are controlled by the involuntary or <a href="Autonomic_nervous_system" title="Autonomic nervous system">autonomic nervous system</a> and are experienced by both males and females; the body's response includes muscular <a href="Spasm" title="Spasm">spasms</a> (in multiple areas), a general <a href="Euphoria" title="Euphoria">euphoric</a> sensation, and, frequently, body movements and vocalizations.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a> The period after orgasm (known as the <a href="Refractory_period_(sex)" title="Refractory period (sex)">resolution phase</a>) is typically a <a href="Relaxation_(psychology)" title="Relaxation (psychology)">relaxing experience</a> after the release of the <a href="Neurohormone" title="Neurohormone">neurohormones</a> <a href="Oxytocin" title="Oxytocin">oxytocin</a> and <a href="Prolactin" title="Prolactin">prolactin</a>, as well as <a href="Endorphins" title="Endorphins">endorphins</a> (or "endogenous <a href="Morphine" title="Morphine">morphine</a>").<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>

Human orgasms usually result from physical <a href="Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">sexual stimulation</a> of the <a href="Human_penis" title="Human penis">penis</a> in males (typically accompanied by <a href="Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">ejaculation</a>) and of the <a href="Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a> (and <a href="Vagina" title="Vagina">vagina</a>) in females.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a> Sexual stimulation can be by <a href="Masturbation" title="Masturbation">masturbation</a> or with a <a href="Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">sexual partner</a> (<a href="Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">penetrative sex</a>, <a href="Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">non-penetrative sex</a>, or other <a href="Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">sexual activity</a>). Physical stimulation is not a requisite, as it is possible to reach orgasm through psychological means.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Getting to orgasm may be difficult without a suitable <a href="Psychological_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological state">psychological state</a>. During sleep, a sex dream can trigger an orgasm and the release of sexual fluids (<a href="Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">nocturnal emission</a>).

The health effects surrounding the human orgasm are diverse. There are many physiological responses during sexual activity, including a relaxed state, as well as changes in the <a href="Central_nervous_system" title="Central nervous system">central nervous system</a>, such as a temporary decrease in the <a href="Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolic</a> activity of large parts of the <a href="Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a> while there is no change or increased metabolic activity in the <a href="Limbic_system" title="Limbic system">limbic</a> (i.e., "bordering") areas of the brain.<a href="#cite_note-Georgiadis-7">[7]</a> There are <a href="Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">sexual dysfunctions</a> involving orgasm, such as <a href="Anorgasmia" title="Anorgasmia">anorgasmia</a>.

Depending on culture, reaching orgasm (and the frequency or consistency of doing so) is either important or irrelevant for satisfaction in a <a href="Sexual_relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual relationship">sexual relationship</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kinsey_Institute-8">[8]</a> and theories about the biological and evolutionary functions of orgasm differ.<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2></div>

In a clinical context, orgasm is usually defined strictly by the <a href="Muscle_contraction" title="Muscle contraction">muscular contractions</a> involved during <a href="Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">sexual activity</a>, along with the characteristic patterns of change in <a href="Heart_rate" title="Heart rate">heart rate</a>, <a href="Blood_pressure" title="Blood pressure">blood pressure</a>, and often <a href="Respiration_rate" title="Respiration rate">respiration rate</a> and depth.<a href="#cite_note-M&J-11">[11]</a> This is categorized as the sudden discharge of accumulated sexual tension during the <a href="Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">sexual response cycle</a>, resulting in rhythmic muscular contractions in the <a href="Pelvis" title="Pelvis">pelvic</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-dictbiopsych-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a> Definitions of orgasm vary,<a href="#cite_note-Levin_2004-12">[12]</a> and at least 26 definitions of orgasm are listed in the 2001 journal <a href="Clinical_Psychology_Review" title="Clinical Psychology Review">Clinical Psychology Review</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mah_&_binik-13">[13]</a>

There is some debate about whether certain types of sexual sensations should be accurately classified as orgasms, including female orgasms caused by <a href="G-spot" title="G-spot">G-spot</a> stimulation alone, and the demonstration of extended or continuous orgasms lasting several minutes or even an hour.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The question centers around the clinical definition of orgasm, but this way of viewing orgasm is merely physiological, while there are also psychological, endocrinological, and neurological definitions of orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Levin_2004-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-mah_&_binik-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a> In these and similar cases, the sensations experienced are subjective and do not necessarily involve the involuntary contractions characteristic of orgasm. In both sexes, they are extremely pleasurable and often felt throughout the body, causing a mental state that is often described as transcendental, and with <a href="Vasocongestion" title="Vasocongestion">vasocongestion</a> and associated pleasure comparable to that of a full-contractionary orgasm. For example, modern findings support the distinction between ejaculation and male orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-mah_&_binik-13">[13]</a> For this reason, there are views on both sides as to whether these can be accurately defined as orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Achievement">Achievement</h2></div>

Orgasms can be achieved during a variety of activities, including <a href="Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">vaginal</a>, <a href="Anal_sex" title="Anal sex">anal</a>, <a href="Oral_sex" title="Oral sex">oral</a>, <a href="Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">manual</a>, <a href="Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">non-penetrative sex</a>, or <a href="Masturbation" title="Masturbation">masturbation</a>. They may also be achieved by the use of a <a href="Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">sex toy</a> or an <a href="Erotic_electrostimulation" title="Erotic electrostimulation">erotic electrostimulation</a>. Achieving orgasm by stimulation of the <a href="Nipple" title="Nipple">nipples</a> or other <a href="Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">erogenous zones</a> is rarer.<a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Boston-17">[17]</a> Multiple orgasms are also possible, especially in women, but they are also uncommon.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a> Multiple orgasms are orgasms that occur within a short period of one another.<a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a>

In addition to physical stimulation, orgasm can be achieved from psychological arousal alone, such as during dreaming (<a href="Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">nocturnal emission</a> for males or females)<a href="#cite_note-mah_&_binik-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk-19">[19]</a> or by <a href="Forced_orgasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced orgasm">forced orgasm</a>. Orgasm by psychological stimulation alone was first reported among people who had <a href="Spinal_cord_injury" title="Spinal cord injury">spinal cord injury</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk-19">[19]</a> Although sexual function and <a href="Sexuality_after_spinal_cord_injury" title="Sexuality after spinal cord injury">sexuality after spinal cord injury</a> are very often impacted, this injury does not deprive one of the sexual feelings such as <a href="Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a> and erotic desires.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk-19">[19]</a>

Scientific literature focuses on the psychology of female orgasm significantly more than it does on the psychology of male orgasm, which "appears to reflect the assumption that female orgasm is psychologically more complex than male orgasm," but "the limited empirical evidence available suggests that male and female orgasm may bear more similarities than differences. In one controlled study by Vance and Wagner (1976), independent raters could not differentiate written descriptions of male versus female orgasm experiences".<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female">Female</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Factors_and_variability">Factors and variability</h4></div>

In women, the most common way to achieve orgasm is by direct sexual stimulation of the <a href="Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a> (meaning consistent <a href="Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">digital</a>, <a href="Cunnilingus" title="Cunnilingus">oral</a>, or other concentrated friction against the external parts of the clitoris). General statistics indicate that 70–80 percent of women require direct clitoral stimulation to achieve orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Flaherty-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kammerer-Doak-21">[21]</a> although indirect clitoral stimulation (for example, via <a href="Vagina" title="Vagina">vaginal</a> penetration) may also be sufficient.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a> The <a href="Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a> states, "Orgasms vary in intensity, and women vary in the frequency of their orgasms and the amount of stimulation necessary to trigger an orgasm."<a href="#cite_note-Anorgasmia-23">[23]</a> Clitoral orgasms are easier to achieve because the <a href="Clitoris#Glans" title="Clitoris">glans of the clitoris</a>, or clitoris as a whole, has more than 8,000 sensory <a href="Nerve" title="Nerve">nerve</a> endings, which is as many (or more in some cases) nerve endings as are present in the human penis or <a href="Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">glans penis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Di_Marino-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Carroll-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> As the clitoris is <a href="Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">homologous</a> to the penis, it is the equivalent in its capacity to receive sexual stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Schünke-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Francoeur-28">[28]</a>

One misconception, particularly in older research publications, is that the vagina is completely insensitive.<a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a> In reality, there are areas in the anterior vaginal wall and between the top junction of the <a href="Labia_minora" title="Labia minora">labia minora</a> and the <a href="Urethra" title="Urethra">urethra</a> that are especially sensitive.<a href="#cite_note-Lief_and_Berger-30">[30]</a> With regard to specific density of nerve endings, while the area commonly described as the <a href="G-spot" title="G-spot">G-spot</a> may produce an orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Acton-31">[31]</a> and the <a href="Urethral_sponge" title="Urethral sponge">urethral sponge</a> (area in which the G-spot may be found) runs along the "roof" of the vagina and can create pleasurable sensations when stimulated, intense sexual pleasure (including orgasm) from vaginal stimulation is occasional or otherwise absent because the vagina has significantly fewer nerve endings than the clitoris.<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sloane-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kilchevsky-33">[33]</a> The greatest concentration of vaginal nerve endings are at the lower third (near the entrance) of the vagina.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Greenberg-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sex_and_Society-35">[35]</a>

<a href="Sex_educator" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex educator">Sex educator</a> <a href="Rebecca_Chalker" title="Rebecca Chalker">Rebecca Chalker</a> states that only one part of the clitoris, the urethral sponge, is in contact with the penis, fingers, or a <a href="Dildo" title="Dildo">dildo</a> in the vagina.<a href="#cite_note-Cornforth-36">[36]</a> Hite and Chalker state that the tip of the clitoris and the inner lips, which are also very sensitive, are not receiving direct stimulation during penetrative intercourse.<a href="#cite_note-Cornforth-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hite-37">[37]</a> Because of this, some couples may engage in the <a href="Woman_on_top" title="Woman on top">woman on top position</a> or the <a href="Coital_alignment_technique" title="Coital alignment technique">coital alignment technique</a> to maximize clitoral stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Roberts-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hurlbert-39">[39]</a> For some women, the clitoris is very sensitive after climax, making additional stimulation initially painful.<a href="#cite_note-Rathus-40">[40]</a>

<a href="Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a> argue that all women are potentially multiply orgasmic, but that multiply orgasmic men are rare, and stated that "the female is capable of rapid return to orgasm immediately following an orgasmic experience, if re-stimulated before tensions have dropped below plateau phase response levels".<a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a> Though generally reported that women do not experience a <a href="Refractory_period_(sex)" title="Refractory period (sex)">refractory period</a> and thus can experience an additional orgasm, or multiple orgasms, soon after the first one,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-soc-42">[42]</a> some sources state that both men and women experience a refractory period because women may also experience a period after orgasm in which further sexual stimulation does not produce excitement.<a href="#cite_note-Schacter-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiner_&_Craighead-44">[44]</a> After the initial orgasm, subsequent orgasms for women may be stronger or more pleasurable as the stimulation accumulates.<a href="#cite_note-Rathus-40">[40]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Clitoral_and_vaginal_categories">Clitoral and vaginal categories</h4></div>

Discussions of female orgasm are complicated by orgasms in women typically being divided into two categories: clitoral orgasm and vaginal (or G-spot) orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sex_and_Society-35">[35]</a> In 1973, <a href="Irving_Singer" title="Irving Singer">Irving Singer</a> theorized that there are three types of female orgasms; he categorized these as <a href="Vulva" title="Vulva">vulval</a>, uterine, and blended, but because he was a philosopher, "these categories were generated from descriptions of orgasm in literature rather than laboratory studies."<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a> In 1982, Ladas, <a href="Beverly_Whipple" title="Beverly Whipple">Whipple</a> and Perry also proposed three categories: the tenting type (derived from clitoral stimulation), the A-frame type (derived from G-spot stimulation), and the blended type (derived from clitoral and G-spot stimulation).<a href="#cite_note-Bolin_&_Whelehan-45">[45]</a> In 1999, Whipple and Komisaruk proposed <a href="Cervix" title="Cervix">cervix</a> stimulation as being able to cause a fourth type of female orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Bolin_&_Whelehan-45">[45]</a>

Female orgasms by means other than clitoral or vaginal/G-spot stimulation are less prevalent in scientific literature,<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a> and most scientists contend that no distinction should be made between "types" of female orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Sex_and_Society-35">[35]</a> This distinction began with <a href="Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, who postulated the concept of "vaginal orgasm" as separate from clitoral orgasm. In 1905, Freud stated that clitoral orgasms are purely an adolescent phenomenon and that upon reaching puberty, the proper response of mature women is a change-over to vaginal orgasms, meaning orgasms without any clitoral stimulation. While Freud provided no evidence for this basic assumption, the consequences of this theory were considerable. Many women felt inadequate when they could not achieve orgasm via vaginal intercourse alone, involving little or no clitoral stimulation, as Freud's theory made penile–vaginal intercourse the central component to women's sexual satisfaction.<a href="#cite_note-Zastrow-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-Irvine-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Difference-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gould-49">[49]</a>

The first major national surveys of sexual behavior in the U.S. were the <a href="Kinsey_Reports" title="Kinsey Reports">Kinsey Reports</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Andersen-50">[50]</a> <a href="Alfred_Kinsey" title="Alfred Kinsey">Alfred Kinsey</a> was the first researcher to harshly criticize Freud's ideas about female sexuality and orgasm when, through his interviews with thousands of women,<a href="#cite_note-Andersen-50">[50]</a> Kinsey found that most of the women he surveyed could not have vaginal orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Irvine-47">[47]</a> He "criticized Freud and other theorists for projecting male constructs of sexuality onto women" and "viewed the clitoris as the main center of sexual response" and the vagina as "relatively unimportant" for sexual satisfaction, relaying that "few women inserted fingers or objects into their vaginas when they masturbated." He "concluded that satisfaction from penile penetration [is] mainly psychological or perhaps the result of referred sensation".<a href="#cite_note-Irvine-47">[47]</a>

Masters and Johnson's research into the female <a href="Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">sexual response cycle</a>, as well as <a href="Shere_Hite" title="Shere Hite">Shere Hite</a>'s, generally supported Kinsey's findings about female orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Hite-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Irvine-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Archer,_Lloyd-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Masters_and_Johnson-52">[52]</a> Masters and Johnson's research on the topic came at the time of the <a href="Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">second-wave feminist movement</a> and inspired feminists such as <a href="Anne_Koedt" title="Anne Koedt">Anne Koedt</a>, author of <a href="The_Myth_of_the_Vaginal_Orgasm" title="The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm">The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm</a>, to speak about the "false distinction" made between clitoral and vaginal orgasms and women's biology not being properly analyzed.<a href="#cite_note-Koedt-53">[53]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Clitoral_and_vaginal_relationships">Clitoral and vaginal relationships</h4></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="G-spot#Society_and_culture" title="G-spot">G-spot § Society and culture</a></div>

Accounts that the vagina is capable of producing orgasms continue to be subject to debate because, in addition to the vagina's low concentration of nerve endings, reports of the G-spot's location are inconsistent—it appears to be nonexistent in some women and may be an extension of another structure, such as the <a href="Skene's_gland" title="Skene's gland">Skene's gland</a> or the clitoris, which is a part of the Skene's gland.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kilchevsky-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-Balon,_Segraves-54">[54]</a> In a January 2012 <a href="The_Journal_of_Sexual_Medicine" title="The Journal of Sexual Medicine">The Journal of Sexual Medicine</a> review examining years of research into the existence of the G-spot, scholars state that "[r]eports in the public media would lead one to believe the G-spot is a well-characterized entity capable of providing extreme sexual stimulation, yet this is far from the truth".<a href="#cite_note-Kilchevsky-33">[33]</a>

Possible explanations for the G-spot were examined by Masters and Johnson, who were the first researchers to determine that the clitoral structures surround and extend along and within the labia. In addition to observing that the majority of their female subjects could only have clitoral orgasms, they found that both clitoral and vaginal orgasms had the same stages of physical response. On this basis, they argue that clitoral stimulation is the source of both kinds of orgasms,<a href="#cite_note-Archer,_Lloyd-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Masters_and_Johnson-52">[52]</a> reasoning that the clitoris is stimulated during penetration by friction against its hood; their notion that this provides the clitoris with sufficient sexual stimulation has been criticized by researchers such as <a href="Elisabeth_Lloyd" title="Elisabeth Lloyd">Elisabeth Lloyd</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a>

Australian <a href="Urology" title="Urology">urologist</a> Helen O'Connell's 2005 research additionally indicates a connection between orgasms experienced vaginally and the clitoris, suggesting that clitoral tissue extends into the anterior wall of the vagina and that therefore clitoral and vaginal orgasms are of the same origin.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a> Some studies, using <a href="Medical_ultrasound" title="Medical ultrasound">medical ultrasound</a>, have found physiological evidence of the G-spot in women who report having orgasms during vaginal intercourse,<a href="#cite_note-Acton-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Buss,_Meston-55">[55]</a> but O'Connell suggests that the clitoris's interconnected relationship with the vagina is the physiological explanation for the conjectured G-spot. Having used <a href="Magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Magnetic resonance imaging">MRI</a> technology which enabled her to note a direct relationship between the legs or roots of the clitoris and the erectile tissue of the "clitoral bulbs" and corpora, and the distal <a href="Urethra" title="Urethra">urethra</a> and vagina, she stated that the vaginal wall is the clitoris; that lifting the skin off the vagina on the side walls reveals the bulbs of the clitoris—triangular, crescental masses of erectile tissue.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a> O'Connell et al., who performed dissections on the female genitals of <a href="Cadaver" title="Cadaver">cadavers</a> and used photography to map the structure of nerves in the clitoris, were already aware that the clitoris is more than just its glans and asserted in 1998 that there is more erectile tissue associated with the clitoris than is generally described in anatomical textbooks.<a href="#cite_note-Sloane-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Archer,_Lloyd-51">[51]</a> They concluded that some females have more extensive clitoral tissues and nerves than others, especially having observed this in young cadavers as compared to elderly ones,<a href="#cite_note-Sloane-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Archer,_Lloyd-51">[51]</a> and therefore whereas the majority of females can only achieve orgasm by direct stimulation of the external parts of the clitoris, the stimulation of the more generalized tissues of the clitoris via intercourse may be sufficient for others.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a>

French researchers Odile Buisson and Pierre Foldès report similar findings to that of O'Connell's. In 2008, they published the first complete 3D sonogram via medical <a href="Ultrasound" title="Ultrasound">ultrasound</a> of the stimulated clitoris, and republished it in 2009 with new research, demonstrating the ways in which erectile tissue of the clitoris engorges and surrounds the vagina, arguing that women may be able to achieve vaginal orgasm via stimulation of the G-spot because the highly innervated clitoris is pulled closely to the anterior wall of the vagina when the woman is sexually aroused and during vaginal penetration. They assert that since the front wall of the vagina is inextricably linked with the internal parts of the clitoris, stimulating the vagina without activating the clitoris may be next to impossible.<a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Acton-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Carroll2-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-Buisson_and_Foldès_2009-57">[57]</a> In their 2009 published study, the "coronal planes during <a href="Perineum" title="Perineum">perineal</a> contraction and finger penetration demonstrated a close relationship between the root of the clitoris and the anterior vaginal wall". Buisson and Foldès suggest "the special sensitivity of the lower anterior vaginal wall could be explained by pressure and movement of clitoris's root during a vaginal penetration and subsequent perineal contraction".<a href="#cite_note-Acton-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Buisson_and_Foldès_2009-57">[57]</a>

Supporting a distinct G-spot is a study by <a href="Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a>, published 2011, which was the first to map the female genitals onto the sensory portion of the brain;<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a> brain scans showed that the brain registered distinct feelings between stimulating the clitoris, the cervix and the vaginal wall – where the G-spot is reported to be – when several women stimulated themselves in a <a href="Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Functional magnetic resonance imaging">functional magnetic resonance</a> (fMRI) machine.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a> "I think that the bulk of the evidence shows that the G-spot is not a particular thing," stated <a href="Barry_Komisaruk" title="Barry Komisaruk">Barry Komisaruk</a>, head of the research findings. "It's not like saying, 'What is the thyroid gland?' The G-spot is more of a thing like New York City is a thing. It's a region, it's a convergence of many different structures."<a href="#cite_note-Kilchevsky-33">[33]</a> Commenting on Komisaruk's research and other findings, <a href="Emmanuele_A._Jannini" title="Emmanuele A. Jannini">Emmanuele A. Jannini</a>, a professor of endocrinology at the University of Aquila in Italy, acknowledges a series of essays published in March 2012 in <a href="The_Journal_of_Sexual_Medicine" title="The Journal of Sexual Medicine">The Journal of Sexual Medicine</a>, which document evidence that vaginal and clitoral orgasms are separate phenomena that activate different areas of the brain and possibly suggest key psychological differences between women.<a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_factors_and_research">Other factors and research</h4></div>

Regular difficulty reaching orgasm after ample sexual stimulation, known as <a href="Anorgasmia" title="Anorgasmia">anorgasmia</a>, is significantly more common in women than in men (<a href="#Dysfunction_and_satisfaction">see below</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Anorgasmia-23">[23]</a> In addition to sexual dysfunction being a cause for women's inability to reach orgasm, or the amount of time for sexual arousal needed to reach orgasm being variable and longer in women than in men, other factors include a lack of communication between sexual partners about what is needed for the woman to reach orgasm, feelings of sexual inadequacy in either partner, a focus on only penetration (vaginal or otherwise), and men generalizing women's trigger for orgasm based on their own sexual experiences with other women.<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Flaherty-20">[20]</a>

Scholars state "many couples are locked into the idea that orgasms should be achieved only through intercourse [vaginal sex]" and that "[e]ven the word <a href="Foreplay" title="Foreplay">foreplay</a> suggests that any other form of sexual stimulation is merely preparation for the 'main event.'...Because women reach orgasm through intercourse less consistently than men, they are more likely than men to have <a href="Fake_orgasm" title="Fake orgasm">faked an orgasm</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a> Sex counselor <a href="Ian_Kerner" title="Ian Kerner">Ian Kerner</a> states, "It's a myth that using the penis is the main way to pleasure a woman." He cites research concluding that women reach orgasm about 25 percent of the time with intercourse, compared with 81 percent of the time during oral sex (<a href="Cunnilingus" title="Cunnilingus">cunnilingus</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Rob_Baedeker-59">[59]</a>

In the first large-scale empirical study worldwide to link specific practices with orgasm, reported in the <a href="Journal_of_Sex_Research" title="Journal of Sex Research">Journal of Sex Research</a> in 2006, demographic and sexual history variables were comparatively weakly associated with orgasm. Data was analyzed from the Australian Study of Health and Relationships, a national telephone survey of sexual behavior and attitudes and sexual health knowledge carried out in 2001–02, with a representative sample of 19,307 Australians aged 16 to 59. Practices included "vaginal intercourse alone (12%), vaginal + manual stimulation of the man's and/or woman's genitals (49%), and vaginal intercourse + manual + oral (32%)" and the "[e]ncounters may also have included other practices. Men had an orgasm in 95 percent of encounters and women in 69 percent. Generally, the more practices engaged in, the higher a woman's chance of having an orgasm. Women were more likely to reach orgasm in encounters including cunnilingus".<a href="#cite_note-Richters_J-60">[60]</a> Other studies suggest that women exposed to lower levels of prenatal <a href="Androgen" title="Androgen">androgens</a> are more likely to experience orgasm during vaginal intercourse than other women.<a href="#cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Exercise-induced">Exercise-induced</h4></div>

Kinsey, in his 1953 book Sexual Behavior in the Human Female, states that exercise could bring about sexual pleasure, including orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-1990Rev-61">[61]</a> A review in 1990 on the sexual response as exercise states that the field was poorly researched and that <a href="Aerobic_exercise" title="Aerobic exercise">aerobic</a> or <a href="Isotonic_contraction" title="Isotonic contraction">isotonic</a> exercise that resembles sexual activity or sexual positions can induce sexual pleasure, including orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-1990Rev-61">[61]</a> A 2007 review of the relationship between <a href="Pelvic_floor" title="Pelvic floor">pelvic floor</a> dysfunction and sexual problems in men and women finds that they are commonly linked and suggests that <a href="Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a> strengthening the pelvic floor could help address the sexual problems but that it was not well studied enough to recommend.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Starting in at least 2007, the term, "coregasm" was used in popular media to refer to exercise-induced orgasm<a href="#cite_note-2012primary-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> or in academic parlance termed exercise-induced sexual pleasure,<a href="#cite_note-twsTand11-65">[65]</a> and an extensive discussion of the "yogasm" occurred in a 2011 <a href="Daily_Beast" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Beast">Daily Beast</a> posting.<a href="#cite_note-2012primary-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> A paper published in 2012 presents results of an online survey of women who had experienced an orgasm or other sexual pleasure during exercise.<a href="#cite_note-2012primary-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The paper was widely discussed in popular media when it was published.<a href="#cite_note-twsBostonGlobe1-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-twsWashPost1-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-twsHealth1-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-twsCosmo1-71">[71]</a> The authors of the paper said that research on the relationship between exercise and sexual response was still lacking.<a href="#cite_note-2012primary-63">[63]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Variability">Variability</h4></div>

In men, the most common way of achieving orgasm is by physical sexual stimulation of the <a href="Human_penis" title="Human penis">penis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a> This is usually accompanied by <a href="Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">ejaculation</a>, but it is possible, though rare, for men to orgasm without ejaculation (known as a "dry orgasm").<a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a> <a href="Preadolescence" title="Preadolescence">Prepubescent</a> boys have dry orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Carroll,_prepubescent_boys-72">[72]</a> Dry orgasms can also occur as a result of <a href="Retrograde_ejaculation" title="Retrograde ejaculation">retrograde ejaculation</a>,<a href="#cite_note-E._Jones-73">[73]</a> or <a href="Hypogonadism" title="Hypogonadism">hypogonadism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mulhall-74">[74]</a> Men may also ejaculate without reaching orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Mulhall-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-Peterson-75">[75]</a> which is known as <a href="Anorgasmia" title="Anorgasmia">anorgasmic ejaculation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Peterson-75">[75]</a> They may also achieve orgasm by stimulation of the <a href="Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a> (<a href="#Anal_and_prostate_stimulation">see below</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wibowo-76">[76]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Two-stage_model">Two-stage model</h4></div>

The traditional view of male orgasm is that there are two stages: emission accompanying orgasm, almost instantly followed by a refractory period. The refractory period is the recovery phase after orgasm during which it is physiologically impossible for a man to have additional orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Morrow-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-Carroll,_Refractory_period-78">[78]</a> In 1966, Masters and Johnson published pivotal research about the phases of sexual stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-M&J-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Their work included women and men and—unlike Kinsey in 1948 and 1953<a href="#cite_note-Andersen-50">[50]</a>—tried to determine the physiological stages before and after orgasm.

Masters and Johnson state in the first stage, "accessory organs contract and the male can feel the ejaculation coming; two to three seconds later the ejaculation occurs, which the man cannot constrain, delay, or in any way control" and in the second stage, "the male feels pleasurable contractions during ejaculation, reporting greater pleasure tied to a greater volume of ejaculate".<a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a> They report "for the man the resolution phase includes a superimposed refractory period" and "many males below the age of 30, but relatively few thereafter, have the ability to ejaculate frequently and are subject to only very short refractory periods during the resolution phase". Masters and Johnson equate male orgasm and ejaculation and maintain the necessity for a refractory period between orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Multiplicity">Multiplicity</h4></div>

There has been little scientific study of multiple orgasms in men.<a href="#cite_note-Wibowo-76">[76]</a> Dunn and Trost define multiple male orgasms as "two or more orgasms with or without ejaculation and without, or with only very limited, de-tumescence (loss of erection) during one and the same sexual encounter".<a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a> Although it is rare for men to achieve multiple orgasms,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schill-80">[80]</a> some men have reported having multiple consecutive orgasms, particularly without ejaculation.<a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a> There may not be an obvious refractory period, and the final orgasm may cause a refractory period.<a href="#cite_note-Wibowo-76">[76]</a> Multiple orgasms are more commonly reported in very young men than in older men.<a href="#cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">[18]</a> In younger men, the refractory period may only last a few minutes but last more than an hour in older men.<a href="#cite_note-E._Jones-73">[73]</a>

An increased infusion of <a href="Oxytocin" title="Oxytocin">oxytocin</a> during ejaculation is believed to be chiefly responsible for the refractory period, and the amount by which oxytocin is increased may affect the length of each refractory period.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> A scientific study to successfully document natural, fully ejaculatory, multiple orgasms in an adult man was conducted at Rutgers University in 1995. During the study, six fully ejaculatory orgasms were experienced in 36 minutes, with no apparent refractory period.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anal_and_prostate_stimulation">Anal and prostate stimulation</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Pegging_(sexual_practice)" title="Pegging (sexual practice)">Pegging</a> and <a href="Prostate_massage" title="Prostate massage">Prostate massage</a></div>

In both sexes, pleasure can be derived from the nerve endings around the anus and the anus itself, such as during <a href="Anal_sex" title="Anal sex">anal sex</a>. Men can achieve orgasms through <a href="Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a> stimulation alone.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a> The prostate is the male homologue (variation) to the Skene's glands (which are believed to be connected to the female G-spot),<a href="#cite_note-Goodman-84">[84]</a> and can be sexually stimulated through anal sex, perineum massage or a vibrator.<a href="#cite_note-Jamnicky-85">[85]</a> Much of the available information about prostate-induced orgasms comes from anecdotal reports by individuals, and the exact mechanisms by which such orgasms are produced are unclear; some sources suggest this occurs via stimulation of nerves in the <a href="Prostatic_plexus_(nervous)" title="Prostatic plexus (nervous)">prostatic plexus</a> surrounding the organ, others suggest it is via nerves within the prostate itself, and others say changes in the brain (<a href="Neuroplasticity" title="Neuroplasticity">neuroplasticity</a>) are required to derive pleasure from prostate stimulation. Regardless, prostate-induced orgasms are often reported to be intensely pleasurable.<a href="#cite_note-Levin_2018-86">[86]</a> Prostate stimulation can produce a deeper orgasm, described by some men as more widespread and intense, longer-lasting, and allowing for greater feelings of ecstasy than orgasm elicited by penile stimulation only.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Levin_2018-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a> The practice of <a href="Pegging_(sexual_practice)" title="Pegging (sexual practice)">pegging</a> (consisting of a woman penetrating a man's anus with a <a href="Strap-on_dildo" title="Strap-on dildo">strap-on dildo</a>) stimulates the prostate. It is typical for a man to not reach orgasm as a receptive partner solely from anal sex.<a href="#cite_note-W._Ross-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-McConaghy-88">[88]</a>

For women, penile-anal penetration may also indirectly stimulate the clitoris by the shared sensory nerves, especially the <a href="Pudendal_nerve" title="Pudendal nerve">pudendal nerve</a>, which gives off the <a href="Inferior_anal_nerves" title="Inferior anal nerves">inferior anal nerves</a> and divides into the <a href="Perineal_nerve" title="Perineal nerve">perineal nerve</a> and the <a href="Dorsal_nerve_of_clitoris" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal nerve of clitoris">dorsal nerve of the clitoris</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a> The G-spot area, which is considered to be interconnected with the clitoris,<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kilchevsky-33">[33]</a> may also be indirectly stimulated during anal sex.<a href="#cite_note-Zdrok-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Taormino-90">[90]</a> Although the anus has many nerve endings, their purpose is not specifically for inducing orgasm, and so a woman achieving orgasm solely by anal stimulation is rare.<a href="#cite_note-Tarrant-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-Valdez-92">[92]</a> Direct stimulation of the clitoris, a G-spot area, or both, while engaging in anal sex can help some women enjoy the activity and reach orgasm during it.<a href="#cite_note-Carroll-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Taormino-90">[90]</a>

The aforementioned orgasms are sometimes referred to as anal orgasms,<a href="#cite_note-Valdez-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wasserman-93">[93]</a> but sexologists and sex educators generally believe that orgasms derived from anal penetration are the result of the relationship between the nerves of the anus, rectum, clitoris or G-spot area in women, and the anus's proximity to the prostate and relationship between the anal and rectal nerves in men, rather than orgasms originating from the anus itself.<a href="#cite_note-Answer-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Taormino-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-Valdez-92">[92]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nipple_stimulation">Nipple stimulation</h3></div>

For women, stimulation of the <a href="Breast" title="Breast">breast</a> area during sexual intercourse or foreplay, or solely having the breasts <a href="Physical_intimacy" title="Physical intimacy">fondled</a>, can create mild to intense orgasms, sometimes referred to as a breast orgasm or nipple orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a> Few women report experiencing orgasm from nipple stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Boston-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kinsey-94">[94]</a> Before Komisaruk et al.'s fMRI research on nipple stimulation in 2011, reports of women achieving orgasm from nipple stimulation relied solely on <a href="Anecdotal_evidence" title="Anecdotal evidence">anecdotal evidence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Smith-95">[95]</a> Komisaruk's study was the first to map the female genitals onto the sensory portion of the brain; it indicates that sensation from the nipples travels to the same part of the brain as sensations from the vagina, clitoris and cervix, and that these reported orgasms are genital orgasms caused by nipple stimulation and may be directly linked to the genital sensory cortex ("the genital area of the brain").<a href="#cite_note-Smith-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lehmiller-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a>

An orgasm is believed to occur in part because of oxytocin, which is produced in the body during sexual excitement and arousal, and labor. It has also been shown that oxytocin is produced when a man or woman's nipples are stimulated and become erect.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Komisaruk also relays that preliminary data suggests that nipple nerves may directly link up with the relevant parts of the brain without uterine mediation, acknowledging the men in his study who showed the same pattern of nipple stimulation activating genital brain regions.<a href="#cite_note-Komisaruk_2-58">[58]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_aspects">Medical aspects</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physiological_responses">Physiological responses</h3></div>

Masters and Johnson were some of the first researchers to study the sexual response cycle in the early 1960s, based on the observation of 382 women and 312 men. They describe a cycle that begins with excitement as blood rushes into the genitals, then reaches a plateau during which they are fully aroused, which leads to orgasm, and finally resolution, in which the blood leaves the genitals.<a href="#cite_note-M&J-11">[11]</a>

In the 1970s, Kaplan added the category of desire to the cycle, which she argues precedes sexual excitation. She states that emotions of anxiety, defensiveness, and the failure of communication can interfere with desire and orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In the late 1980s and after, Rosemary Basson proposed a more cyclical alternative to what had largely been viewed as a linear progression.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In her model, desire feeds arousal and orgasm and is in turn fueled by the rest of the orgasmic cycle. Rather than orgasm being the peak of the sexual experience, she suggests that it is just one point in the circle and that people could feel sexually satisfied at any stage, reducing the focus on climax as an end goal of all sexual activity.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Females">Females</h4></div>

A woman's orgasm may, in some cases, last a little longer than a man's.<a href="#cite_note-Rathus-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-soc-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Women's orgasms have been estimated to last on average approximately 20 seconds and to consist of a series of muscular contractions in the pelvic area that includes the vagina, the uterus, and the anus.<a href="#cite_note-Levin-102">[102]</a> For some women, on some occasions, these contractions begin soon after the woman reports that the orgasm has started and continue at intervals of about one second with initially increasing and then reducing intensity. In some instances, the series of regular contractions is followed by a few additional contractions or shudders at irregular intervals.<a href="#cite_note-Levin-102">[102]</a> In other cases, the woman reports having an orgasm, but no pelvic contractions are measured at all.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a>

Women's orgasms are preceded by the erection of the clitoris and moistening of the opening of the vagina. Some women exhibit a <a href="Sex_flush" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex flush">sex flush</a>, a reddening of the skin over much of the body due to increased blood flow to the skin. As a woman nears orgasm, the clitoral glans retracts under the clitoral hood, and the <a href="Labia_minora" title="Labia minora">labia minora</a> (inner lips) become darker. As orgasm becomes imminent, the outer third of the vagina tightens and narrows, while overall the vagina lengthens and dilates and also becomes congested from engorged soft tissue.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a>

Elsewhere in the body, <a href="Myofibroblast" title="Myofibroblast">myofibroblasts</a> of the nipple-<a href="Areolar_connective_tissue" class="mw-redirect" title="Areolar connective tissue">areolar</a> complex contract, causing erection of the nipples and contraction of the areolar diameter, reaching their maximum at the start of orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> A woman experiences full orgasm when her uterus, vagina, anus, and pelvic muscles undergo a series of rhythmic contractions. Most women find these contractions very pleasurable.

Researchers from the <a href="University_of_Groningen" title="University of Groningen">University Medical Center of Groningen</a> in the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> correlated the sensation of orgasm with muscular contractions occurring at a frequency of 8–13 Hz centered in the pelvis and measured in the anus. They argue that the presence of this particular frequency of contractions can distinguish between voluntary contraction of these muscles and spontaneous involuntary contractions, and appears to more accurately correlate with orgasm as opposed to other metrics like heart rate that only measure excitation. They assert that they have identified "[t]he first objective and quantitative measure that has a strong correspondence with the subjective experience that orgasm ultimately is" and state that the measure of contractions that occur at a frequency of 8–13 Hz is specific to orgasm. They found that using this metric they could distinguish between rest, voluntary muscular contractions, and even unsuccessful orgasm attempts.<a href="#cite_note-Kortekaas_2008-106">[106]</a>

Since ancient times in Western Europe, women could be <a href="Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis">medically diagnosed</a> with a disorder called <a href="Female_hysteria" title="Female hysteria">female hysteria</a>, the symptoms of which included faintness, nervousness, insomnia, fluid retention, heaviness in abdomen, muscle spasm, shortness of breath, irritability, loss of appetite for food or sex, and "a tendency to cause trouble".<a href="#cite_note-Maines-107">[107]</a> Women considered to have the condition would sometimes undergo "pelvic massage:" stimulation of the genitals by the doctor until the woman experienced "hysterical paroxysm" (i.e., orgasm). Paroxysm was regarded as a medical treatment and not a sexual release.<a href="#cite_note-Maines-107">[107]</a> The disorder has ceased to be recognized as a medical condition since the 1920s.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Males">Males</h4></div>

As a man nears orgasm during stimulation of the penis, he feels an intense and highly pleasurable pulsating sensation of <a href="Neuromuscular_junction" title="Neuromuscular junction">neuromuscular</a> <a href="Euphoria" title="Euphoria">euphoria</a>. These pulsating sensations originate from the contractions of pelvic floor muscles that begin in the anal sphincter and travel to the tip of the penis, commonly described as a "throbbing" or "tingling" sensation. They eventually increase in speed and intensity as the orgasm approaches, until a final "plateau" (the orgasmic) pleasure is sustained for several seconds.<a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a>

During orgasm a male experiences rapid, rhythmic contractions of the <a href="Human_anus" title="Human anus">anal sphincter</a>, the prostate, and the <a href="Bulbospongiosus_muscle" title="Bulbospongiosus muscle">bulbospongiosus muscles</a> of the penis. The <a href="Sperm" title="Sperm">sperm</a> are transmitted up the <a href="Vasa_deferentia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasa deferentia">vasa deferentia</a> from the <a href="Testicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Testicles">testicles</a>, into the prostate gland as well as through the <a href="Seminal_vesicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Seminal vesicle">seminal vesicles</a> to produce what is known as <a href="Semen" title="Semen">semen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a> The prostate produces a secretion that forms one of the components of ejaculate. Except for in cases of a dry orgasm, contraction of the sphincter and prostate force stored semen to be expelled through <a href="External_urethral_orifice_(male)" class="mw-redirect" title="External urethral orifice (male)">the penis's urethral opening</a>. The process takes from three to ten seconds and produces a pleasurable feeling.<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-41">[41]</a> Ejaculation may continue for a few seconds after the euphoric sensation gradually tapers off. It is believed that the feeling of "orgasm" varies from one man to another.<a href="#cite_note-Mah-15">[15]</a> After ejaculation, a refractory period usually occurs, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm. This can last anywhere from less than a minute to several hours or days, depending on age and other individual factors.<a href="#cite_note-soc-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schacter-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiner_&_Craighead-44">[44]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brain">Brain</h3></div>

There have been very few studies correlating orgasm and brain activity in real time. One study examined 12 healthy women using a <a href="Positron_emission_tomography" title="Positron emission tomography">positron emission tomography</a> (PET) scanner while they were being stimulated by their partners. Brain changes were observed and compared between states of rest, sexual stimulation, faked orgasm, and actual orgasm. Differences were reported in the brains of men and women during stimulation. Changes in brain activity were observed in both sexes, as regions associated with behavioral control, fear, and anxiety shut down. Regarding these, <a href="Gert_Holstege" title="Gert Holstege">Gert Holstege</a> said in an interview with <a href="The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>, "What this means is that deactivation, letting go of all fear and anxiety, might be the most important thing, even necessary, to have an orgasm."<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a>

While stroking the clitoris, the parts of the female brain responsible for processing fear, anxiety, and behavioral control start to diminish in activity. This reaches a peak at orgasm when the female brain's emotion centers are effectively closed down to produce an almost trance-like state. Holstege is quoted as saying, at the 2005 meeting of the European Society for Human Reproduction and Development: "At the moment of orgasm, women do not have any emotional feelings."<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> A subsequent report by Rudie Kortekaas, et al. states, "Gender commonalities were most evident during orgasm... From these results, we conclude that during the sexual act, differential brain responses across genders are principally related to the stimulatory (plateau) phase and not to the orgasmic phase itself."<a href="#cite_note-Georgiadis-7">[7]</a> Research has shown that as in women, the emotional centers of a man's brain also become deactivated during orgasm but to a lesser extent than in women. Brain scans of both sexes have shown that the <a href="Pleasure_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleasure center">pleasure centers</a> of a man's brain show more intense activity than in women during orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Male and female brains demonstrate similar changes during orgasm, with brain activity scans showing a temporary decrease in the <a href="Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolic</a> activity of large parts of the <a href="Cerebral_cortex" title="Cerebral cortex">cerebral cortex</a> with normal or increased metabolic activity in the limbic areas of the brain.<a href="#cite_note-Georgiadis-7">[7]</a>

<a href="EEG" class="mw-redirect" title="EEG">EEG</a> tracings from volunteers during orgasm were first obtained by Mosovich and Tallaferro in 1954,<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> who recorded EEG changes resembling <a href="Petit_mal" class="mw-redirect" title="Petit mal">petit mal</a> or the clonic phase of a <a href="Grand_mal" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand mal">grand mal</a> seizure. Further studies in this direction were carried out by Sem-Jacobsen (1968), Heath (1972), Cohen et al. (1976),<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> and others.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Sarrel et al. reported a similar observation in 1977. These reports continue to be cited.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Unlike them, Craber et al. (1985) failed to find any distinctive EEG changes in four men during masturbation and ejaculation; the authors concluded that the case for the existence of EEG changes specifically related to sexual arousal and orgasm remained unproven.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> So disagreement arises as to whether the experiment conducted by Mosovich and Tallaferro casts a new light on the nature of orgasm. In some recent studies, authors tend to adopt the opposite point of view that there are no remarkable EEG changes during ejaculation in humans.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="General">General</h4></div>

Orgasm, and sexual activity as a whole, are physical activities that can require exertion of many major bodily systems. A 1997 study in the <a href="BMJ" class="mw-redirect" title="BMJ">BMJ</a> based upon 918 men aged 45–59 found that after a ten-year follow-up, men who had fewer orgasms were twice as likely to die of any cause as those having two or more orgasms per week.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> A follow-up in 2001 which focused more specifically on <a href="Cardiovascular" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiovascular">cardiovascular</a> health found that having sex three or more times per week was associated with a 50 percent reduction in the risk of heart attack or stroke. There is some research suggesting that greater resting heart rate variability is associated with orgasms through penile-vaginal intercourse without additional simultaneous clitoral stimulation.<a href="#cite_note-Pappas-29">[29]</a>

A small percentage of men have a disease called <a href="Postorgasmic_illness_syndrome" title="Postorgasmic illness syndrome">postorgasmic illness syndrome</a> (POIS), which causes severe muscle pain throughout the body and other symptoms immediately following ejaculation. The symptoms last for up to a week.<a href="#cite_note-Balon2005-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wylie2015-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-GARD-121">[121]</a> Some doctors speculate that the frequency of POIS "in the population may be greater than has been reported in the academic literature",<a href="#cite_note-Ashby2010-122">[122]</a> and that many people with POIS are undiagnosed.<a href="#cite_note-McMahon2014-123">[123]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dysfunction_and_satisfaction">Dysfunction and satisfaction</h4></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></div>

The inability to have an orgasm, or regular difficulty reaching orgasm after ample sexual stimulation, is called anorgasmia or inorgasmia.<a href="#cite_note-Bullough-124">[124]</a> If a male experiences erection and ejaculation but no orgasm, he is said to have <a href="Sexual_anhedonia" title="Sexual anhedonia">sexual anhedonia</a> (a condition in which an individual cannot feel pleasure from an orgasm) or ejaculatory <a href="Anhedonia" title="Anhedonia">anhedonia</a>. Anorgasmia is significantly more common in women than in men,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenthal_2-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiner2-126">[126]</a> which has been attributed to the lack of <a href="Sex_education" title="Sex education">sex education</a> about women's bodies, especially in <a href="Antisexualism" title="Antisexualism">sex-negative</a> cultures, such as clitoral stimulation usually being key for women to orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Weiner2-126">[126]</a>

Approximately 25 percent of women report difficulties with orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Carroll_2-127">[127]</a> 10% of women have never had an orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Plotnik-128">[128]</a> and 40 percent or 40–50 percent have either complained about sexual dissatisfaction or experienced difficulty becoming sexually aroused at some point in their lives.<a href="#cite_note-Knoepp-129">[129]</a> A 1994 study by Laumann et al. found that 75 percent of men and 29 percent of women always had orgasms with their spouse, while 40 percent of men and 80 percent of women thought their spouse always orgasmed during sex.<a href="#cite_note-Laumann-130">[130]</a> These rates were different in non-marital straight relationships (cohabitational, long-term and short-term heterosexual relationships), with rates increasing to 81 percent for men and 43 percent for women orgasming during sex with their short-term partners, and 69 percent for men and 83 percent for women thinking their short-term partners always orgasmed.<a href="#cite_note-Laumann-130">[130]</a> Women are much more likely to be nearly always or always orgasmic when alone than with a partner.<a href="#cite_note-Kinsey_Institute-8">[8]</a> In a 1996 study by Davis et al., 62 percent of women in a partnered relationship said they were satisfied with the frequency/consistency of their orgasms.<a href="#cite_note-Kinsey_Institute-8">[8]</a> Additionally, some women express that their most satisfying sexual experiences entail being connected to someone, rather than solely basing satisfaction on orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Wincze-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gurian-132">[132]</a>

Kinsey's 1953 <a href="Kinsey_Reports" title="Kinsey Reports">Sexual Behavior in the Human Female</a> shows that over the previous five years of sexual activity, 78 percent of women had orgasms in 60–100 percent of <a href="Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">sexual encounters with other women</a>, compared with 55 percent for heterosexual sex.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Kinsey attributed this difference to female partners knowing more about women's sexuality and how to optimize women's sexual satisfaction than male partners do.<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a> Like Kinsey, scholars such as Peplau, Fingerhut, and Beals (2004) and Diamond (2006) found that lesbians have orgasms more often and more easily in sexual interactions than heterosexual women do,<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a> and that female partners are more likely to emphasize the emotional aspects of lovemaking.<a href="#cite_note-Weiten-4">[4]</a> In contrast, research by Diane Holmberg and Karen L. Blair (2009), published in the Journal of Sex Research, found that women in same-sex relationships enjoyed identical sexual desire, sexual communication, sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with orgasm as their heterosexual counterparts.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a>

If orgasm is desired, anorgasmia may be attributed to an inability to relax. It may be associated with performance pressure and an unwillingness to pursue pleasure, as separate from the other person's satisfaction; often, women worry so much about the pleasure of their partner that they become anxious, which manifests as impatience with the delay of orgasm for them. This delay can lead to frustration of not reaching orgasmic sexual satisfaction.<a href="#cite_note-Carroll_2-127">[127]</a> Psychoanalyst <a href="Wilhelm_Reich" title="Wilhelm Reich">Wilhelm Reich</a>, in his 1927 book <a href="Die_Funktion_des_Orgasmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Die Funktion des Orgasmus">Die Funktion des Orgasmus</a> (published in English in 1980 as Genitality in the Theory and Therapy of Neurosis) was the first to make orgasm central to the concept of mental health, and he defined <a href="Neurosis" title="Neurosis">neurosis</a> in terms of blocks to having <a href="Orgastic_potency" title="Orgastic potency">orgastic potency</a>. Although orgasm dysfunction can have psychological components, physiological factors often play a role. For instance, delayed orgasm or the inability to achieve orgasm is a common side effect of many medications.

Specifically, with simultaneous orgasm and similar practices, many sexologists claim that the problem of <a href="Premature_ejaculation" title="Premature ejaculation">premature ejaculation</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> is closely related to the idea encouraged by a scientific approach in the early 20th century when mutual orgasm was overly emphasized as an objective and a sign of true sexual satisfaction in intimate relationships. <a href="Menopause" title="Menopause">Menopause</a> may involve loss of hormones supporting sexuality and genital functionality. Vaginal and clitoral atrophy and dryness affect up to 50–60 percent of postmenopausal women.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Testosterone levels in men fall as they age. Sexual dysfunction overall becomes more likely with poor physical and emotional health. "Negative experiences in sexual relationships and overall well-being" are associated with sexual dysfunction.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theoretical_biological_and_evolutionary_functions_in_females">Theoretical biological and evolutionary functions in females</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shifts_in_research">Shifts in research</h3></div>

The function or functions of the human female orgasm have been debated among researchers.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> Researchers have several hypotheses about the role if any, of the female orgasm in the reproductive and therefore evolutionary process.<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gould-49">[49]</a> The literature started with the argument that female orgasm is a byproduct of shared early male <a href="Ontogeny" title="Ontogeny">ontogeny</a>, where male orgasm is an <a href="Adaptation" title="Adaptation">adaptation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Research has shifted to investigate and also support the sire-choice hypothesis, which proposes that female orgasm has been shaped by <a href="Natural_selection" title="Natural selection">natural selection</a> to function in the selection of high-quality sires (male parents) for offspring. Therefore, orgasm increases the chances of conceiving with males of high genetic quality.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Research by <a href="Randy_Thornhill" title="Randy Thornhill">Randy Thornhill</a> et al. (1995) suggests that female orgasm is more frequent during intercourse with a male partner with low <a href="Fluctuating_asymmetry" title="Fluctuating asymmetry">fluctuating asymmetry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selective_pressure_and_mating">Selective pressure and mating</h3></div>

Wallen K and Lloyd EA state, "In men, orgasms are under strong selective pressure as orgasms are coupled with ejaculation and thus contribute to male reproductive success. By contrast, women's orgasms in intercourse are highly variable and are under little selective pressure as they are not a reproductive necessity."<a href="#cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">[10]</a>

<a href="Desmond_Morris" title="Desmond Morris">Desmond Morris</a> suggests in his 1967 popular science book <a href="The_Naked_Ape" title="The Naked Ape">The Naked Ape</a> that the female orgasm evolved to encourage physical intimacy with a male partner and help reinforce the <a href="Pair_bond" title="Pair bond">pair bond</a>. Morris suggested that the relative difficulty in achieving female orgasm, in comparison to the male's, might be favorable in <a href="Darwinism" title="Darwinism">Darwinian</a> evolution by leading the female to select <a href="Mating" title="Mating">mates</a> who bear qualities like patience, care, imagination, and intelligence, as opposed to qualities like size and aggression, which pertain to mate selection in other primates. Such advantageous qualities thereby become accentuated within the species, driven by the differences between male and female orgasms. If males were motivated by and taken to the point of, orgasm in the same way as females, those advantageous qualities would not be needed, since self-interest would be enough.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fertility">Fertility</h3></div>

There are theories that the female orgasm might increase fertility.<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gould-49">[49]</a> For example, it has been suggested that the 30 percent reduction in the size of the vagina could help clench the penis (much like, or perhaps caused by, the <a href="Pubococcygeus_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Pubococcygeus muscle">pubococcygeus muscles</a>), which would make it more stimulating for the male (thus ensuring faster or more voluminous ejaculation). The British biologists Baker and Bellis have suggested that the female orgasm may have a <a href="Peristalsis" title="Peristalsis">peristalsis</a> or "upsuck" action (similar to the <a href="Esophagus" title="Esophagus">esophagus</a>' ability to swallow when upside down), resulting in the retaining of favorable sperm and making conception more likely.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> They posited a role of female orgasm in <a href="Human_sperm_competition" title="Human sperm competition">sperm competition</a>.

The observation that women tend to reach orgasm more easily when they are ovulating also has led to the suggestion that it is tied to increasing fertility.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Evolutionary biologist Robin Baker argues in <a href="Sperm_Wars" title="Sperm Wars">Sperm Wars</a> that occurrence and timing of orgasms are all a part of the female body's unconscious strategy to collect and retain sperm from more evolutionary fit men.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> This theory suggests that an orgasm during intercourse functions as a bypass button to a woman's natural cervical filter against sperm and pathogens, and that an orgasm before functions to strengthen the filter.

Desmond Morris proposed that orgasm might facilitate conception by exhausting the female and keeping her horizontal, thus preventing the sperm from leaking out. This possibility sometimes called the "Poleaxe Hypothesis" or the "Knockout Hypothesis", is now considered unlikely. A 1994 <a href="TLC_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="TLC (TV channel)">Learning Channel</a> documentary on sex had fiber optic cameras inside the vagina of a woman while she had sexual intercourse. During her orgasm, her pelvic muscles contracted and her <a href="Vaginal_portion_of_cervix" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaginal portion of cervix">cervix</a> repeatedly dipped into a pool of semen in the <a href="Vaginal_fornix" title="Vaginal fornix">vaginal fornix</a>, which might ensure that sperm would proceed by the <a href="External_orifice_of_the_uterus" class="mw-redirect" title="External orifice of the uterus">external orifice of the uterus</a>, making conception more likely.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a>

Evolutionary psychologists Christopher Ryan and Cacilda Jethá, in their discussion of the female orgasm, address how long it takes for females to achieve orgasm compared to males, and females' ability to have multiple orgasms, hypothesizing how especially well suited to multiple partners and <a href="Insemination" title="Insemination">insemination</a> this is. They quote <a href="Primate_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate sexuality">primate sexuality</a> specialist Alan Dixson in saying that the monogamy-maintenance explanation for female orgasm "seems far-fetched" because "females of other primate species, and particularly those with multimale-multifemale [promiscuous] mating systems such as macaques and chimpanzees, exhibit orgasmic responses in the absence of such bonding or the formation of stable family units." On the other hand, Dixson states that "Gibbons, which are primarily monogamous, do not exhibit obvious signs of female orgasm."<a href="#cite_note-Ryan-148">[148]</a>

The <a href="Female_promiscuity" title="Female promiscuity">female promiscuity</a> explanation of female sexuality was echoed at least 12 years earlier by other evolutionary biologists, and there is increasing scientific awareness of the female <a href="Proceptive_phase" title="Proceptive phase">proceptive phase</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Though Dixson classifies humans as mildly polygynous in his survey of primate sexuality, he appears to have doubts, when he writes, "One might argue that ... the female's orgasm is rewarding, increases her willingness to copulate with a variety of males rather than one partner, and thus promotes sperm competition." Ryan and Jethá use this as evidence for their theory that <a href="Partible_paternity" title="Partible paternity">partible paternity</a> and promiscuity was common for early modern humans.<a href="#cite_note-Ryan-148">[148]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adaptive_or_vestigial">Adaptive or vestigial</h3></div>

The clitoris is <a href="Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">homologous</a> to the penis; that is, they both develop from the same embryonic structure.<a href="#cite_note-Schünke-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Francoeur-28">[28]</a> While researchers such as <a href="Geoffrey_Miller_(psychologist)" title="Geoffrey Miller (psychologist)">Geoffrey Miller</a>, <a href="Helen_Fisher_(anthropologist)" title="Helen Fisher (anthropologist)">Helen Fisher</a>, <a href="Meredith_Small" title="Meredith Small">Meredith Small</a> and <a href="Sarah_Blaffer_Hrdy" title="Sarah Blaffer Hrdy">Sarah Blaffer Hrdy</a> "have viewed the clitoral orgasm as a legitimate adaptation in its own right, with major implications for female sexual behavior and sexual evolution,"<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a> others, such as <a href="Donald_Symons" title="Donald Symons">Donald Symons</a> and <a href="Stephen_Jay_Gould" title="Stephen Jay Gould">Stephen Jay Gould</a>, have asserted that the clitoris is <a href="Vestigiality" title="Vestigiality">vestigial</a> or nonadaptive and that the female orgasm serves no particular evolutionary function.<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gould-49">[49]</a> Gould acknowledged that "most female orgasms emanate from a clitoral, rather than vaginal (or some other), site" and stated that his nonadaptive belief "has been widely misunderstood as a denial of either the adaptive value of female orgasm in general or even as a claim that female orgasms lack significance in some broader sense". He explained that although he accepts that "clitoral orgasm plays a pleasurable and central role in female sexuality and its joys," "[a]ll these favorable attributes, however, emerge just as clearly and just as easily, whether the clitoral site of orgasm arose as a <a href="Spandrel_(biology)" title="Spandrel (biology)">spandrel</a> or an adaptation". He said that the "male biologists who fretted over [the adaptionist questions] simply assumed that a deeply vaginal site, nearer the region of fertilization, would offer greater selective benefit" due to their Darwinian, <a href="Summum_bonum" title="Summum bonum">summum bonum</a> beliefs about enhanced reproductive success.<a href="#cite_note-Gould-49">[49]</a>

Proponents of the nonadaptive hypothesis, such as Elisabeth Lloyd, refer to the relative difficulty of achieving female orgasm through vaginal sex, the limited evidence for increased fertility after orgasm, and the lack of statistical correlation between the capacity of a woman to orgasm and the likelihood that she will engage in intercourse.<a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Chivers-150">[150]</a> "Lloyd is by no means against evolutionary psychology. Quite the opposite; in her methods and in her writing, she advocates and demonstrates a commitment to the careful application of evolutionary theory to the study of human behavior," stated <a href="Meredith_Chivers" title="Meredith Chivers">Meredith L. Chivers</a>. She added that Lloyd "meticulously considers the theoretical and empirical bases for each account and ultimately concludes that there is little evidence to support an adaptionist account of female orgasm" and that Lloyd instead "views female orgasm as an ontogenetic leftover; women have orgasms because the urogenital neurophysiology for orgasm is so strongly selected for in males that this developmental blueprint gets expressed in females without affecting fitness, just as males have nipples that serve no fitness-related function".<a href="#cite_note-Chivers-150">[150]</a>

A 2005 <a href="Twin_study" title="Twin study">twin study</a> found that one in three women reported never or seldom achieving orgasm during sexual intercourse, and only one in ten always orgasmed. This variation in the ability to orgasm, generally thought to be psychosocial, was found to be 34 percent to 45 percent genetic. The study, examining 4000 women, was published in <a href="Biology_Letters" title="Biology Letters">Biology Letters</a>, a <a href="Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> journal.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Elisabeth Lloyd has cited this as evidence for the notion that female orgasm is not adaptive.<a href="#cite_note-Lloyd-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lloyd2-153">[153]</a>

Miller, Hrdy, Helen O'Connell, and <a href="Natalie_Angier" title="Natalie Angier">Natalie Angier</a> have criticized the "female orgasm is vestigial" hypothesis as understating and devaluing the psychosocial value of the female orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">[9]</a> Hrdy stated that the hypothesis smacks of <a href="Sexism" title="Sexism">sexism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> O'Connell said, "It boils down to rivalry between the sexes: the idea that one sex is sexual and the other reproductive. The truth is that both are sexual and both are reproductive."<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a> O'Connell used <a href="Magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Magnetic resonance imaging">MRI</a> technology to define the true size and shape of the clitoris, suggesting that it extends into the anterior wall of the vagina (<a href="#Females">see above</a>).

O'Connell describes typical textbook descriptions of the clitoris as lacking detail and including inaccuracies, saying that the work of <a href="Georg_Ludwig_Kobelt" title="Georg Ludwig Kobelt">Georg Ludwig Kobelt</a> in the early 19th century provides a most comprehensive and accurate description of clitoral anatomy. She argues that the bulbs appear to be part of the clitoris and that the distal urethra and vagina are intimately related structures, although they are not erectile in character, forming a tissue cluster with the clitoris that appears to be the center of female sexual function and orgasm.<a href="#cite_note-O'Connell-5">[5]</a> By contrast, Nancy Tuana, at the 2002 conference for Canadian Society of Women in Philosophy, argues that the clitoris is unnecessary in reproduction, but that this is why it has been "historically ignored", mainly because of "a fear of pleasure. It is pleasure separated from reproduction. That's the fear". She reasoned that this fear is the cause of the ignorance that veils female sexuality.<a href="#cite_note-Cairney-155">[155]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Induced_Ovulations">Induced Ovulations</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Induced_ovulation_(animals)" title="Induced ovulation (animals)">Induced ovulation (animals)</a></div>

Some spontaneously ovulating species can occasionally undergo mating-induced preovulatory LH surges. These species require mating to stimulate the vagina and cervix, resulting in ovulation in the females. Research suggests that the female orgasm evolved from copulation-induced ovulation.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fringe_theories">Fringe theories</h3></div>

Brody Costa et al. suggest that women's vaginal orgasm consistency is associated with being told in childhood or adolescence that the vagina is the important zone for inducing female orgasms. Other proposed factors include how well women focus mentally on vaginal sensations during penile-vaginal intercourse, the greater duration of intercourse, and their preference for above-average penis length.<a href="#cite_note-Brody,_Weiss-157">[157]</a> Costa theorizes that vaginal orgasm is more prevalent among women with a prominent <a href="Tubercle_of_the_upper_lip" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubercle of the upper lip">tubercle of the upper lip</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Brody,_Costa-158">[158]</a> His research indicates that "[a] prominent and sharply raised lip tubercle has been associated with greater odds (<a href="Odds_ratio" title="Odds ratio">odds ratio</a> = 12.3) of ever having a vaginal orgasm, and also with greater past month vaginal orgasm consistency (an effect driven by the women who never had a vaginal orgasm), than less prominent lip tubercle categories." Lip tubercle was not associated with social desirability responding, or with orgasm triggered by masturbation during penile-vaginal sex, solitary or partner clitoral or vaginal masturbation, vibrator, or cunnilingus.<a href="#cite_note-Brody,_Costa-158">[158]</a>

An empirical study carried out in 2008 provides evidence for Freud's implied link between the inability to have a vaginal orgasm and psychosexual <a href="Defence_mechanisms" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence mechanisms">immaturity</a>. In the study, women reported their past month's frequency of different sexual behaviors and corresponding orgasm rates and completed the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40), which is associated with various <a href="Psychopathology" title="Psychopathology">psychopathologies</a>. The study concluded that a "vaginal orgasm was associated with less somatization, dissociation, displacement, autistic fantasy, devaluation, and isolation of affect." Moreover, "vaginally anorgasmic women had immature defenses scores comparable to those of established (depression, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder) outpatient psychiatric groups." In the study, a vaginal orgasm (as opposed to a clitoral orgasm) was defined as being triggered solely by penile–vaginal intercourse.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> According to <a href="Wilhelm_Reich" title="Wilhelm Reich">Wilhelm Reich</a>, the lack of women's capacity to have a vaginal orgasm is due to a lack of <a href="Orgastic_potency" title="Orgastic potency">orgastic potency</a>, which he believed to be the result of culture's suppression of genital sexuality.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Involuntariness">Involuntariness</h2></div>

Medical research shows that the genital reflex is also regulated by the spinal cord and not necessarily under conscious control.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> An involuntary orgasm may occur as the result of <a href="Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">sexual assault</a> or <a href="Rape" title="Rape">rape</a>, which may result in feelings of <a href="Shame" title="Shame">shame</a> caused by internalization of <a href="Victim_blaming" title="Victim blaming">victim-blaming</a> attitudes.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-Non-consensual-165">[165]</a> The incidence of those who experience unsolicited sexual contact and experience orgasm is very low, though possibly under-reported due to shame or embarrassment of the victim. Such orgasms may happen to either sex.<a href="#cite_note-Non-consensual-165">[165]</a>

An unwanted orgasm may arise from a <a href="Persistent_genital_arousal_disorder" title="Persistent genital arousal disorder">persistent genital arousal disorder</a>. In consensual <a href="BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a> play, <a href="Forced_orgasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced orgasm">forced orgasm</a> may be practiced to exercise orgasm control.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tantric_sex">Tantric sex</h2></div>

<a href="Tantric_sex" title="Tantric sex">Tantric sex</a>, which is not the same as <a href="Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Buddhist tantra (Vajrayana)</a>, is the ancient Indian spiritual tradition of sexual practices. It attributes a different value to orgasm than traditional cultural approaches to sexuality. Some practitioners of <a href="Tantra" title="Tantra">tantric</a> sex aim to eliminate orgasm from sexual intercourse by remaining for a long time in the pre-orgasmic and non-emission state. Advocates of this, such as <a href="Rajneesh" title="Rajneesh">Rajneesh</a>, claim that it eventually causes orgasmic feelings to spread out to all of one's conscious experience.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a>

Advocates of tantric and neo-tantric sex who claim that Western culture focuses too much on the goal of climactic orgasm, which reduces the ability to have intense pleasure during other moments of the sexual experience, suggest that eliminating this enables a richer, fuller, and more intense connection.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2></div>

Orgasm has been widely described in literature over the centuries. In antiquity, <a href="Latin_literature" title="Latin literature">Latin literature</a> addressed the subject as much as <a href="Greek_literature" title="Greek literature">Greek literature</a>: Book III of <a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <a href="Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a> retells a discussion between <a href="Jove" class="mw-redirect" title="Jove">Jove</a> and <a href="Juno_(mythology)" title="Juno (mythology)">Juno</a>, in which the former states: "The sense of pleasure in the male is far / More dull and dead than what you females share."<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Juno rejects this thought; they agree to ask the opinion of <a href="Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a> ("who had known <a href="Venus_(mythology)" title="Venus (mythology)">Venus</a>/Love in both ways," having lived seven years as a female).<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> Tiresias offends Juno by agreeing with Jove, and she strikes him blind on the spot (Jove lessens the blow by giving Tiresias the gift of foresight, and long life).<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Earlier, in the <a href="Ars_Amatoria" title="Ars Amatoria">Ars Amatoria</a>, Ovid states that he abhors sexual intercourse that fails to complete both partners.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a>

The theme of orgasm survived during <a href="Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> and is incorporated in many <a href="Homoeroticism" title="Homoeroticism">homoerotic</a> works. In FRAGMENT: Supposed to be an Epithalamium of Francis Ravaillac and Charlotte Cordé, <a href="Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">Percy Bysshe Shelley</a>, "a translator of extraordinary range and versatility",<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> wrote the phrase "No life can equal such a death." That phrase has been seen as a metaphor for orgasm,<a href="#cite_note-Lauritsen-174">[174]</a> and it was preceded by the rhythmic urgency of the previous lines "Suck on, suck on, I glow, I glow!", which has been seen as alluding to <a href="Fellatio" title="Fellatio">fellatio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lauritsen-174">[174]</a> For Shelley, orgasm was "the almost involuntary consequences of a state of abandonment in the society of a person of surpassing attractions".<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <a href="Edward_Ellerker_Williams" title="Edward Ellerker Williams">Edward Ellerker Williams</a>, the last love of Shelley's life, was remembered by the poet in "The Boat on the Serchio", which has been considered as possibly "the grandest portrayal of orgasm in literature":<a href="#cite_note-Lauritsen-174">[174]</a> Shelley, in this poem, associates orgasm with death when he writes "the death which lovers love".<a href="#cite_note-Lauritsen-174">[174]</a> In <a href="French_literature" title="French literature">French literature</a>, the term <a href="La_petite_mort" title="La petite mort">la petite mort</a> (the little death) is a famous <a href="Euphemism" title="Euphemism">euphemism</a> for orgasm;<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> it is the representation of the man who forgets himself and the world during orgasm. <a href="Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a>, in the same vision, wrote in one of the several <a href="Footnote" class="mw-redirect" title="Footnote">footnotes</a> of "<a href="Tl%C3%B6n%2C_Uqbar%2C_Orbis_Tertius" title="Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius">Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius</a>" that one of the churches of <a href="Tl%C3%B6n" class="mw-redirect" title="Tlön">Tlön</a> claims <a href="Platonism" title="Platonism">Platonically</a> that "All men, in the vertiginous moment of coitus, are the same man. All men who repeat a line from <a href="Shakespeare" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a> are William Shakespeare."<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Shakespeare himself was knowledgeable of this idea: lines "I will live in thy heart, die in thy lap, and be buried in thy eyes" and "I will die bravely, like a smug bridegroom", said respectively by <a href="Benedick" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedick">Benedick</a> in <a href="Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a> and by King Lear in <a href="King_Lear" title="King Lear">the play of that ilk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> is interpreted as "to die in a woman's lap" = "to experience a sexual orgasm".<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a>

Freud with his psychoanalytic projects, in <a href="The_Ego_and_the_Id" title="The Ego and the Id">The Ego and the Id</a> (1923), speculates that sexual satisfaction by orgasm make <a href="Eros" title="Eros">Eros</a> ("life instinct") exhausted and leaves the field open to <a href="Thanatos" title="Thanatos">Thanatos</a> ("death instinct"), in other words, with orgasm Eros fulfills its mission and gives way to Thanatos.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> Other modern authors have chosen to represent the orgasm without metaphors. In the novel <a href="Lady_Chatterley's_Lover" title="Lady Chatterley's Lover">Lady Chatterley's Lover</a> (1928), by <a href="D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">D. H. Lawrence</a>, we can find an explicit narrative of a sexual act between a couple: "As he began to move, in the sudden helpless orgasm there awoke in her strange thrills rippling inside her..."<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a>

<a href="Robert_Macfarlane_(writer)" title="Robert Macfarlane (writer)">Robert Macfarlane</a> in a review of the <a href="Jilly_Cooper" title="Jilly Cooper">Jilly Cooper</a> novel <a href="Pandora_(2002_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandora (2002 novel)">Pandora</a> discussed how it has an increased ratio of sex per page than her earlier novels, such as <a href="Riders_(novel)" title="Riders (novel)">Riders</a>, and that the sex is usually simple and happy, where "mutuality of orgasm is a given".<a href="#cite_note-:0-182">[182]</a> He also pointed out that in Pandora there's a far greater range of sexual activities described than in other Cooper novels, that are not just <a href="Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">vaginal penetration</a> by a penis.<a href="#cite_note-:0-182">[182]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_animals">Other animals</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Animal_sexual_behaviour" title="Animal sexual behaviour">Animal sexual behaviour</a></div>

The mechanics of male orgasm are similar in most male mammals.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> Females of all mammal and some non-mammal species, such as alligators,<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> have clitorises.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> There has been ongoing research about the <a href="Sexuality_of_dolphins" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexuality of dolphins">sexuality of dolphins</a>, one of many species which engage in sexual intercourse for <a href="Non-reproductive_sexual_behavior_in_animals" title="Non-reproductive sexual behavior in animals">reasons other than reproduction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> The duration of orgasm varies considerably among different mammal species.<a href="#cite_note-KomisarukWhipple2009-188">[188]</a>

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<ul><li><a href="Birthgasm" title="Birthgasm">Birthgasm</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Coitus_reservatus" title="Coitus reservatus">Coitus reservatus</a></li>

<li><a href="Eroto-comatose_lucidity" title="Eroto-comatose lucidity">Eroto-comatose lucidity</a></li>

<li><a href="Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female ejaculation</a></li>

<li><a href="Female_sexual_arousal_disorder" title="Female sexual arousal disorder">Female sexual arousal disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Forced_orgasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced orgasm">Forced orgasm</a> – a <a href="BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a> term</li>

<li><a href="Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a> – an ancient text on human sexual behavior</li>

<li><a href="La_petite_mort" title="La petite mort">La petite mort</a> – "the little death" in French (a euphemism for orgasm)</li>

<li><a href="Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li>

<li><a href="Persistent_genital_arousal_disorder" title="Persistent genital arousal disorder">Persistent genital arousal disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_position" title="Sex position">Sex position</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_function" title="Sexual function">Sexual function</a></li>

<li><a href="Venus_Butterfly" title="Venus Butterfly">Venus Butterfly</a></li></ul>

</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

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</style><cite id="CITEREFWinn2003" class="citation book cs1">Winn P (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OEMSWCeeSPYC&pg=PA1189">Dictionary of Biological Psychology</a>. Routledge. p. 1189. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-134-77815-7</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065023/https://books.google.com/books?id=OEMSWCeeSPYC&pg=PA1189">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 15, 2019.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Rosenthal-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2-16">q</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT153">133–135</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20160402152531/https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT153">Archived</a> April 2, 2016, at Wikiwix for orgasm information, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT96">page 76</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065024/https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT96">Archived</a> February 27, 2023, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for G-spot and vaginal nerve ending information. <cite id="CITEREFRosenthal2012" class="citation book cs1">Rosenthal M (2012). Human Sexuality: From Cells to Society. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-618-75571-4</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFExtonKrügerKoch2001" class="citation journal cs1">Exton MS, Krüger TH, Koch M, et al. (April 2001). "Coitus-induced orgasm stimulates prolactin secretion in healthy subjects". Psychoneuroendocrinology. 26 (3): 287–94. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0306-4530%2800%2900053-6">10.1016/S0306-4530(00)00053-6</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-4530">0306-4530</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11166491">11166491</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21416299">21416299</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Weiten-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiten_4-7">h</a> <cite id="CITEREFWayne_WeitenDana_S._DunnElizabeth_Yost_Hammer2011" class="citation book cs1">Wayne Weiten, Dana S. Dunn, Elizabeth Yost Hammer (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CGu96TeAZo0C&pg=PT423">Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st Century</a>. Cengage. p. 386. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-111-18663-0</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230226053001/https://books.google.com/books?id=CGu96TeAZo0C&pg=PT423">Archived</a> from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-O'Connell-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Connell_5-8">i</a>  • <cite id="CITEREFO'ConnellSanjeevanHutson2005" class="citation journal cs1">O'Connell HE, Sanjeevan KV, Hutson JM (October 2005). "Anatomy of the clitoris". The Journal of Urology. 174 (4 Pt 1): 1189–95. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F01.ju.0000173639.38898.cd">10.1097/01.ju.0000173639.38898.cd</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16145367">16145367</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:26109805">26109805</a>.</cite>  • <cite id="CITEREFSharon_Mascall2006" class="citation news cs1">Sharon Mascall (June 11, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/5013866.stm">"Time for rethink on the clitoris"</a>. <a href="BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190909192820/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/5013866.stm">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2019. Retrieved October 31, 2009.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPfausTsarski2022" class="citation journal cs1">Pfaus JG, Tsarski K (February 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9023237">"A Case Of Female Orgasm Without Genital Stimulation - PMC"</a>. Sexual Medicine. 10 (2). <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.esxm.2022.100496">10.1016/j.esxm.2022.100496</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9023237">9023237</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35220156">35220156</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Georgiadis-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Georgiadis_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgiadis_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Georgiadis_7-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFGeorgiadisReindersPaansRenken2009" class="citation journal cs1">Georgiadis JR, Reinders AA, Paans AM, Renken R, Kortekaas R (October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6871190">"Men versus women on sexual brain function: prominent differences during tactile genital stimulation, but not during orgasm"</a>. Human Brain Mapping. 30 (10): 3089–101. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fhbm.20733">10.1002/hbm.20733</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6871190">6871190</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19219848">19219848</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Kinsey_Institute-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kinsey_Institute_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kinsey_Institute_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kinsey_Institute_8-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iub.edu/~kinsey/resources/FAQ.html#orgasm">"Frequently Asked Sexuality Questions to the Kinsey Institute: Orgasm"</a>. iub.edu/~kinsey/resources. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105131500/http://iub.edu/~kinsey/resources/FAQ.html#orgasm">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Geoffrey_Miller-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geoffrey_Miller_9-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFGeoffrey_Miller2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Geoffrey_Miller_(psychologist)" title="Geoffrey Miller (psychologist)">Geoffrey Miller</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QG-8PbZb4csC&q=The+human+clitoris+shows+no+apparent+signs+of+having+evolved+directly+through+male+mate+choice.&pg=PA238">The Mating Mind: How Sexual Choice Shaped the Evolution of Human Nature</a>. <a href="Random_House" title="Random House">Random House Digital</a>. pp. 238–239. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-307-81374-9</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065036/https://books.google.com/books?id=QG-8PbZb4csC&q=The+human+clitoris+shows+no+apparent+signs+of+having+evolved+directly+through+male+mate+choice.&pg=PA238">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA_10-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wallen_K,_Lloyd_EA_10-4">e</a> <cite id="CITEREFWallen_K,_Lloyd_EA.Lloyd2011" class="citation journal cs1">Wallen K, Lloyd EA., Lloyd (May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philpapers.org/rec/WALFSA-2">"Female sexual arousal: genital anatomy and orgasm in intercourse"</a>. Hormones and Behavior. 59 (5): 780–92. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yhbeh.2010.12.004">10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.12.004</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3894744">3894744</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21195073">21195073</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105043848/https://philpapers.org/rec/WALFSA-2">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved August 31, 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-M&J-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-M&J_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-M&J_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-M&J_11-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFMastersJohnsonReproductive_Biology_Research_Foundation_(U.S.)1966" class="citation book cs1">Masters WH, Johnson VE, Reproductive Biology Research Foundation (U.S.) (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/humansexualrespo00will/page/366">Human Sexual Response</a>. Little, Brown. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/humansexualrespo00will/page/366">366</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-316-54987-5</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Levin_2004-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Levin_2004_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Levin_2004_12-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFLevin2004" class="citation journal cs1">Levin RJ (2004). "An orgasm is... who defines what an orgasm is?". <a href="Sexual_and_Relationship_Therapy" title="Sexual and Relationship Therapy">Sexual and Relationship Therapy</a>. 19: 101–107. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14681990410001641663">10.1080/14681990410001641663</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146550757">146550757</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-mah_&_binik-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mah_&_binik_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mah_&_binik_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mah_&_binik_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mah_&_binik_13-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFMahBinik2001" class="citation journal cs1">Mah K, Binik YM (August 2001). "The nature of human orgasm: a critical review of major trends". <a href="Clinical_Psychology_Review" title="Clinical Psychology Review">Clinical Psychology Review</a>. 21 (6): 823–56. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0272-7358%2800%2900069-6">10.1016/S0272-7358(00)00069-6</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11497209">11497209</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSchwartz,_Bob1992" class="citation book cs1">Schwartz, Bob (May 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/onehourorgasmnew0000schw">The One Hour Orgasm: A New Approach to Achieving Maximum Sexual Pleasure</a>. Breakthru Publishing. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-942540-07-9</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Mah-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mah_15-7">h</a> <cite id="CITEREFMahBinik2002" class="citation journal cs1">Mah K, Binik YM (May 2002). "Do all orgasms feel alike? Evaluating a two-dimensional model of the orgasm experience across gender and sexual context". <a href="Journal_of_Sex_Research" title="Journal of Sex Research">Journal of Sex Research</a>. 39 (2): 104–13. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00224490209552129">10.1080/00224490209552129</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12476242">12476242</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33325081">33325081</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Answer-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Answer_16-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFBarry_R._KomisarukBeverly_WhippleSara_NasserzadehCarlos_Beyer-Flores2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Barry_Komisaruk" title="Barry Komisaruk">Barry R. Komisaruk</a>, <a href="Beverly_Whipple" title="Beverly Whipple">Beverly Whipple</a>, <a href="Sara_Nasserzadeh" title="Sara Nasserzadeh">Sara Nasserzadeh</a>, Carlos Beyer-Flores (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kkts3AX9QVAC&pg=PA108">The Orgasm Answer Guide</a>. JHU Press. pp. 108–109. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8018-9396-4</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065039/https://books.google.com/books?id=Kkts3AX9QVAC&pg=PA108">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2011.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Boston-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boston_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boston_17-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFBoston_Women's_Health_Book_Collective1996" class="citation book cs1">Boston Women's Health Book Collective (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JFI4AQAAIAAJ">The New Our Bodies, Ourselves: A Book by and for Women</a>. <a href="Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. p. 575. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-684-82352-2</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065046/https://books.google.com/books?id=JFI4AQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved August 12, 2017. <q>A few women can even experience orgasm from breast stimulation alone.</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Crooks_and_Baur-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crooks_and_Baur_18-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFCrooksBaur2010" class="citation book cs1">Crooks RL, Baur K (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MpRnPtmdRVwC&pg=PA175">Our Sexuality</a>. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. pp. 175–176. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-495-81294-4</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065053/https://books.google.com/books?id=MpRnPtmdRVwC&pg=PA175">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved April 15, 2019.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Komisaruk-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Komisaruk_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Komisaruk_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Komisaruk_19-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFKomisarukWhipple2005" class="citation journal cs1">Komisaruk BR, <a href="Beverly_Whipple" title="Beverly Whipple">Whipple B</a> (2005). "Functional MRI of the brain during orgasm in women". Annual Review of Sex Research. 16: 62–86. <a href="CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.177.782">10.1.1.177.782</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10532528.2005.10559829">10.1080/10532528.2005.10559829</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16913288">16913288</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Flaherty-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flaherty_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flaherty_20-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFJoseph_A._FlahertyJohn_Marcell_DavisPhilip_G._Janicak1993" class="citation book cs1">Joseph A. Flaherty, John Marcell Davis, Philip G. Janicak (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/psychiatrydiagno00flah/page/217">Psychiatry: Diagnosis & therapy. A Lange clinical manual</a>. Appleton & Lange (Original from Northwestern University). p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/psychiatrydiagno00flah/page/217">217</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8385-1267-8</bdi>. <q>The amount of time of sexual arousal needed to reach orgasm is variable — and usually much longer — in women than in men; thus, only 20–30% of women attain a coital climax. b. Many women (70–80%) require manual clitoral stimulation...</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Kammerer-Doak-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Kammerer-Doak_21-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKammerer-DoakRogers2008" class="citation journal cs1">Kammerer-Doak D, Rogers RG (June 2008). "Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction". Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America. 35 (2): 169–183. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ogc.2008.03.006">10.1016/j.ogc.2008.03.006</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18486835">18486835</a>. <q>Most women report the inability to achieve orgasm with vaginal intercourse and require direct clitoral stimulation ... About 20% have coital climaxes...</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Lloyd-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lloyd_22-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFElisabeth_Anne_Lloyd2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Elisabeth_Lloyd" title="Elisabeth Lloyd">Elisabeth Anne Lloyd</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6GFNvA6TvlwC&pg=PA53">The Case of the Female Orgasm: Bias In the Science of Evolution</a>. Harvard University Press. p. 53. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-674-01706-1</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065057/https://books.google.com/books?id=6GFNvA6TvlwC&pg=PA53">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Anorgasmia-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anorgasmia_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anorgasmia_23-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/anorgasmia/DS01051">"Anorgasmia in women"</a>. <a href="Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140102052814/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/anorgasmia/DS01051">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2014. Retrieved November 23, 2010.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Di_Marino-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Di_Marino_24-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDi_Marino2014" class="citation book cs1">Di Marino V (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wKMpBAAAQBAJ&q=gbs_navlinks_s">Anatomic Study of the Clitoris and the Bulbo-Clitoral Organ</a>. <a href="Springer_Publishing" title="Springer Publishing">Springer</a>. p. 81. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-319-04894-9</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150318213354/http://books.google.com/books?id=wKMpBAAAQBAJ&dq=gbs_navlinks_s">Archived</a> from the original on March 18, 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2014.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Carroll-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carroll_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carroll_25-1">b</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA271">pages 270–271</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231021114159/https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA271">Archived</a> October 21, 2023, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for anal sex information, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA118">page 118</a> for information about the <a href="Clitoris" title="Clitoris">clitoris</a>. <cite id="CITEREFJanell_L._Carroll2009" class="citation book cs1">Janell L. Carroll (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&q=Sexuality+Now:+Embracing+Diversity">Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity</a>. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. pp. 629 pages. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-495-60274-3</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065106/https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&q=Sexuality+Now:+Embracing+Diversity">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved June 23, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCrooks2011" class="citation book cs1">Crooks R (2011). Our sexuality. Karla Baur (Eleventh ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-495-81294-4</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/456838969">456838969</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Schünke-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schünke_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schünke_27-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFSchünkeSchulteRossLamperti2006" class="citation book cs1">Schünke M, Schulte E, Ross LM, Lamperti ED, Schumacher U (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NK9TgTaGt6UC&pg=PA192">Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System, Volume 1</a>. <a href="Thieme_Medical_Publishers" title="Thieme Medical Publishers">Thieme Medical Publishers</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-13-142081-7</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065111/https://books.google.com/books?id=NK9TgTaGt6UC&pg=PA192">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved December 15, 2013.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Francoeur-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Francoeur_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Francoeur_28-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFFrancoeur2000" class="citation book cs1">Francoeur RT (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completedictiona0000unse_w1u0/page/180">The Complete Dictionary of Sexology</a>. The Continuum Publishing Company. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completedictiona0000unse_w1u0/page/180">180</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8264-0672-9</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Pappas-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pappas_29-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFPappas2012" class="citation web cs1">Pappas S (April 9, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livescience.com/19579-vaginal-orgasm-debate.html">"Does the Vaginal Orgasm Exist? Experts Debate"</a>. <a href="LiveScience" class="mw-redirect" title="LiveScience">LiveScience</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161011211945/http://www.livescience.com/19579-vaginal-orgasm-debate.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Acton-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Acton_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Acton_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Acton_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Acton_31-3">d</a> See here <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=amNcvrLCGZEC&pg=PT98">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055137/https://books.google.com/books?id=amNcvrLCGZEC&pg=PT98">Archived</a> February 27, 2023, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for the 2009 King's College London's findings on the G-spot and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kP9bCflZpVkC&pg=PA145">page 145</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20151028201436/https://books.google.com/books?id=kP9bCflZpVkC&pg=PA145">Archived</a> October 28, 2015, at Wikiwix for ultrasound/physiological material with regard to the G-spot. <cite id="CITEREFAshton_Acton2012" class="citation book cs1">Ashton Acton (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=slyflT85lXIC&pg=PA35">Issues in Sexuality and Sexual Behavior Research: 2011 Edition</a>. <a href="ScholarlyEditions" title="ScholarlyEditions">ScholarlyEditions</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4649-6687-3</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055118/https://books.google.com/books?id=slyflT85lXIC&pg=PA35">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2014.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Greenberg-34"><a href="#cite_ref-Greenberg_34-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenbergBruessOswalt2014" class="citation book cs1">Greenberg JS, Bruess CE, Oswalt SB (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hm3aTuANFroC&pg=PA102">Exploring the Dimensions of Human Sexuality</a>. <a href="Jones_%26_Bartlett_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones & Bartlett Publishers">Jones & Bartlett Publishers</a>. pp. 102–104. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4496-4851-0</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227065038/https://books.google.com/books?id=hm3aTuANFroC&pg=PA102">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2014.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-soc-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-soc_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-soc_42-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-soc_42-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725051823/http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/article/the-sexual-response-cycle">"The Sexual Response Cycle"</a>. UCSB SexInfo Online. <a href="University_of_California%2C_Santa_Barbara" title="University of California, Santa Barbara">University of California, Santa Barbara</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/sexinfo/article/the-sexual-response-cycle">the original</a> on July 25, 2011. Retrieved August 6, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Schacter-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schacter_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schacter_43-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFDaniel_L._SchacterDaniel_T._GilbertDaniel_M._Wegner2010" class="citation book cs1">Daniel L. Schacter, Daniel T. Gilbert, Daniel M. Wegner (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=emAyzTNy1cUC&pg=PA336">Psychology</a>. <a href="Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. p. 336. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4292-3719-2</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055134/https://books.google.com/books?id=emAyzTNy1cUC&pg=PA336">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Carroll,_Refractory_period-78"><a href="#cite_ref-Carroll,_Refractory_period_78-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJanell_L._Carroll2015" class="citation book cs1">Janell L. Carroll (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cy9-BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT275">Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity</a>. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. p. 275. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-305-44603-8</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055226/https://books.google.com/books?id=cy9-BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT275">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved April 15, 2019.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-w769-83"><a href="#cite_ref-w769_83-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hieraticpapyrifr00grifuoft/page/n23/mode/2up">"Hieratic papyri from Kahun and Gurob (principally of the middle kingdom) : Griffith, F. Ll. (Francis Llewellyn), 1862-1934 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive"</a>. Internet Archive. October 23, 2016. Retrieved September 25, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Goodman-84"><a href="#cite_ref-Goodman_84-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMichael_P._Goodman2016" class="citation book cs1">Michael P. Goodman (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-p6ECwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18">Female Genital Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery</a>. <a href="John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. pp. 18–19. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-118-84847-0</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180506053119/https://books.google.com/books?id=-p6ECwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Levin_2018-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Levin_2018_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Levin_2018_86-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFLevin2018" class="citation journal cs1">Levin RJ (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fca.23006">"Prostate-induced orgasms: A concise review illustrated with a highly relevant case study"</a>. Clinical Anatomy. 31 (1): 81–85. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fca.23006">10.1002/ca.23006</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29265651">29265651</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-W._Ross-87"><a href="#cite_ref-W._Ross_87-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMichael_W._Ross1988" class="citation book cs1">Michael W. Ross (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DWN2-QpbvY8C&pg=PA50">Psychopathology and Psychotherapy in Homosexuality</a>. <a href="Psychology_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychology Press">Psychology Press</a>. pp. 49–50. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-86656-499-1</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055205/https://books.google.com/books?id=DWN2-QpbvY8C&pg=PA50">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved December 22, 2013.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-McConaghy-88"><a href="#cite_ref-McConaghy_88-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFNathaniel_McConaghy1993" class="citation book cs1">Nathaniel McConaghy (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t31pR2FybjMC&pg=PA186">Sexual Behavior: Problems and Management</a>. <a href="Springer_Science_%26_Business_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer Science & Business Media">Springer Science & Business Media</a>. p. 186. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-306-44177-6</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180506053119/https://books.google.com/books?id=t31pR2FybjMC&pg=PA186">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018. <q>In homosexual relations, most men do not reach orgasm in receptive anal intercourse, and a number report not reaching orgasm by any method in many of their sexual relationships, which they nevertheless enjoy.</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Zdrok-89"><a href="#cite_ref-Zdrok_89-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFZdrok2004" class="citation book cs1">Zdrok V (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Cx62zwSwbcsC&pg=PA100">The Anatomy of Pleasure</a>. Infinity Publishing. pp. 100–102. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-7414-2248-4</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055211/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cx62zwSwbcsC&pg=PA100">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2013.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Taormino-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Taormino_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taormino_90-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taormino_90-2">c</a> See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bG8XqRO6rRQC&pg=PA3">page 3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055218/https://books.google.com/books?id=bG8XqRO6rRQC&pg=PA3">Archived</a> February 27, 2023, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for women preferring anal sex to vaginal sex, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bG8XqRO6rRQC&pg=PA15">page 15</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055221/https://books.google.com/books?id=bG8XqRO6rRQC&pg=PA15">Archived</a> February 27, 2023, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for reaching orgasm through indirect stimulation of the G-spot. <cite id="CITEREFTristan_Taormino1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Tristan_Taormino" title="Tristan Taormino">Tristan Taormino</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hLv1ohTIiicC">The Ultimate Guide to Anal Sex for Women</a>. Cleis Press. pp. 282 pages. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-57344-221-3</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055225/https://books.google.com/books?id=hLv1ohTIiicC">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2011.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Valdez-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Valdez_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Valdez_92-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Valdez_92-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFNatasha_Janina_Valdez2011" class="citation book cs1">Natasha Janina Valdez (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5PsNKTB87isC&pg=PT79">Vitamin O: Why Orgasms Are Vital to a Woman's Health and Happiness, and How to Have Them Every Time!</a>. <a href="Skyhorse_Publishing" title="Skyhorse Publishing">Skyhorse Publishing</a> Inc. p. 79. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-61608-311-3</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055148/https://books.google.com/books?id=5PsNKTB87isC&pg=PT79">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2011.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Wasserman-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Wasserman_93-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMarlene_Wasserman2007" class="citation book cs1">Marlene Wasserman (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BC74fx9DrqoC&pg=PA95">Pillowbook: creating a sensual lifestyle</a>. Oshun. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-77020-009-8</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055149/https://books.google.com/books?id=BC74fx9DrqoC&pg=PA95">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2011.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Kinsey-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Kinsey_94-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKinseyPomeroyMartinGebhard1998" class="citation book cs1">Kinsey AC, Pomeroy WB, Martin CE, Gebhard PH (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JHWHCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA587">Sexual Behavior in the Human Female</a>. <a href="Indiana_University_Press" title="Indiana University Press">Indiana University Press</a>. p. 587. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-253-01924-0</bdi>. Retrieved August 12, 2017. <q>There are some females who appear to find no erotic satisfaction in having their breasts manipulated; perhaps half of them derive some distinct satisfaction, but not more than a very small percentage ever respond intensely enough to reach orgasm as a result of such stimulation (Chapter 5). [...] Records of females reaching orgasm from breast stimulation alone are rare.</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Smith-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_95-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMerril_D._Smith2014" class="citation book cs1">Merril D. Smith (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qrCCBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA71">Cultural Encyclopedia of the Breast</a>. <a href="Rowman_%26_Littlefield" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 71. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-7591-2332-8</bdi>. Retrieved August 12, 2017.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBohlenJames_P._HeldMargaret_Olwen_SandersonAndrew_Ahlgren1982" class="citation journal cs1">Bohlen JG, James P. Held, Margaret Olwen Sanderson, Andrew Ahlgren (1982). "The female orgasm: Pelvic contractions". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 11 (5): 367–386. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01541570">10.1007/BF01541570</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7181645">7181645</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33863189">33863189</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080708005232/http://www.arhp.org/healthcareproviders/cme/onlinecme/NYNCP/changes.cfm">"Anatomic and physiologic changes during female sexual response"</a>. Clinical Proceedings. Association of Reproductive Health Professionals. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arhp.org/healthcareproviders/cme/onlinecme/NYNCP/changes.cfm">the original</a> on July 8, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLevin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Levin R (May 2, 2006). "The Breast/Nipple/Areola Complex and Human Sexuality". <a href="Sexual_and_Relationship_Therapy" title="Sexual and Relationship Therapy">Sexual and Relationship Therapy</a>. 21 (1): 237–249. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14681990600674674">10.1080/14681990600674674</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219696836">219696836</a>. <q>Areola corrugation immediately after orgasm physically signals that orgasm has occurred</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Kortekaas_2008-106"><a href="#cite_ref-Kortekaas_2008_106-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFvan_NettenGeorgiadisNieuwenburgKortekaas2008" class="citation journal cs1">van Netten JJ, Georgiadis JR, Nieuwenburg A, Kortekaas R (April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eprints.qut.edu.au/93254/1/Van%20Netten%20Georgiadis%20ms_aseb-06-50.pdf">"8–13 Hz fluctuations in rectal pressure are an objective marker of clitorally-induced orgasm in women"</a> (PDF). Archives of Sexual Behavior. 37 (2): 279–85. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-006-9112-9">10.1007/s10508-006-9112-9</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17186125">17186125</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17498707">17498707</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918023850/https://eprints.qut.edu.au/93254/1/Van%20Netten%20Georgiadis%20ms_aseb-06-50.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved May 29, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Maines-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maines_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maines_107-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMaines,_Rachel_P.1998" class="citation book cs1">Maines, Rachel P. (1998). The Technology of Orgasm: "Hysteria", the Vibrator, and Women's Sexual Satisfaction. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8018-6646-3</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHenderson2005" class="citation news cs1">Henderson M (June 20, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.com/uk/science/article/women-fall-into-trance-during-orgasm-q2vw29lpl0s">"Women fall into 'trance' during orgasm"</a>. <a href="The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170102070253/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/article1964119.ece">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2017. Retrieved December 8, 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPortner2008" class="citation news cs1">Portner M (May 15, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-orgasmic-mind">"The Orgasmic Mind: The Neurological Roots of Sexual Pleasure"</a>. Scientific American. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131102222534/http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-orgasmic-mind">Archived</a> from the original on November 2, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2009.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> The Scientific American Book of Love, Sex, and the Brain: The Neuroscience of How, When, Why, and Who we love, Judith Horstman (2011)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMosovichTallaferro1954" class="citation journal cs1">Mosovich A, Tallaferro A (1954). "Studies on EEG and sex function orgasm". <a href="The_Journal_of_Clinical_Psychiatry" title="The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry">Diseases of the nervous system</a>. 15 (7): 218–20. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13182975">13182975</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCohenRosenGoldstein1976" class="citation journal cs1">Cohen HD, Rosen RC, Goldstein L (May 1976). "Electroencephalographic laterality changes during human sexual orgasm". <a href="Archives_of_Sexual_Behavior" title="Archives of Sexual Behavior">Archives of Sexual Behavior</a>. 5 (3): 189–99. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01541370">10.1007/BF01541370</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/952604">952604</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:23267494">23267494</a>. <q>Left and right parietal EEGs were recorded while seven subjects experienced sexual climax through self-stimulation</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFNiedermeyerSilva2012" class="citation book cs1">Niedermeyer E, Silva FL (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OBCpFaNpm9kC&pg=PA161">"Polarity and Field Determination"</a>. Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields (5 ed.). <a href="Lippincott_Williams_%26_Wilkins" title="Lippincott Williams & Wilkins">Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</a>. p. 183. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4698-0175-9</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055148/https://books.google.com/books?id=OBCpFaNpm9kC&pg=PA161">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBancroft2009" class="citation book cs1">Bancroft J (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bI-Jau14aLAC&pg=PA55">"Sexual arousal and response the psychosomatic circle"</a>. Human Sexuality And Its Problems (3 ed.). <a href="Elsevier_Health_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Elsevier Health Sciences">Elsevier Health Sciences</a>. p. 88. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-443-05161-6</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055149/https://books.google.com/books?id=bI-Jau14aLAC&pg=PA55">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 1, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> As examples, take:

<ul><li>(in Polish) <a href="Kazimierz_Imieli%C5%84ski" title="Kazimierz Imieliński">Kazimierz Imieliński</a>. Zarys seksuologii i seksiatrii. <a href="Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> 1986, PZWL, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>83-200-1047-0</bdi> See also in the following Russian translation: Имелинский К.: Сексология и сексопатология (Sexology a. Sexopathology). <a href="Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>: Медицина, 1986. — С. 57. (Chapter "Nervous system")</li>

<li>(in Russian) <a href="Abram_Svyadoshch" title="Abram Svyadoshch">Abram Svyadoshch</a>. Женская сексопатология (Female sexopathology). — 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. — <a href="Moscow" title="Moscow">Москва</a>: Медицина, 1988. — С. 17 (the chapter entitled "Orgasm"). <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>5-225-00188-2</bdi></li>

<li>(in Russian) <a href="Lev_Shcheglov" title="Lev Shcheglov">Lev Shcheglov</a>. Сексология. Врачу и пациенту. — <a href="Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>: Олма-Пресс. — С. 81–82 (#4.3 "The main physiological processes ensuring sex function in humans"). <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>5-7654-1068-5</bdi>, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>5-224-02421-8</bdi></li></ul>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGraberRohrbaughNewlinVarner1985" class="citation journal cs1">Graber B, Rohrbaugh JW, Newlin DB, Varner JL, Ellingson RJ (December 1985). "EEG during masturbation and ejaculation". <a href="Archives_of_Sexual_Behavior" title="Archives of Sexual Behavior">Archives of Sexual Behavior</a>. 14 (6): 491–503. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01541750">10.1007/BF01541750</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4084049">4084049</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31588348">31588348</a>. <q>Examination of the literature shows little agreement among reported results of studies of EEG changes during orgasm.</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFHolstegeGeorgiadisPaansMeiners2003" class="citation journal cs1">Holstege G, Georgiadis JR, Paans AM, Meiners LC, Graaf FH, Reinders AA (October 8, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jneurosci.org/content/23/27/9185.full.pdf+html">"Brain Activation during Human Male Ejaculation"</a> (PDF, HTML). <a href="The_Journal_of_Neuroscience" title="The Journal of Neuroscience">The Journal of Neuroscience</a>. 23 (27): 9188. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.23-27-09185.2003">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-27-09185.2003</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6740826">6740826</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14534252">14534252</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101093636/http://www.jneurosci.org/content/23/27/9185.full.pdf%2Bhtml">Archived</a> from the original on January 1, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDavey_SmithFrenkelYarnell1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="George_Davey_Smith" title="George Davey Smith">Davey Smith G</a>, Frenkel S, Yarnell J (December 20, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2128033">"Sex and Death: Are They Related? Findings from the Caerphilly cohort study"</a>. <a href="BMJ" class="mw-redirect" title="BMJ">BMJ</a>. 1997 (315): 1641–4. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.315.7123.1641">10.1136/bmj.315.7123.1641</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2128033">2128033</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9448525">9448525</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Balon2005-119"><a href="#cite_ref-Balon2005_119-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBalonSegraves2005" class="citation book cs1">Balon R, Segraves RT, eds. (2005). Handbook of Sexual Dysfunction. Taylor & Francis. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8247-5826-4</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Wylie2015-120"><a href="#cite_ref-Wylie2015_120-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFWylie_KR2015" class="citation book cs1">Wylie KR, ed. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oH64CAAAQBAJ&q=Post%20orgaasmic%20illness%20syndrome&pg=PA75">ABC of Sexual Health</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 75. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-118-66556-5</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055206/https://books.google.com/books?id=oH64CAAAQBAJ&q=Post%20orgaasmic%20illness%20syndrome&pg=PA75">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2015.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-GARD-121"><a href="#cite_ref-GARD_121-0">^</a> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305193016/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/10809/postorgasmic-illness-syndrome/resources/1">"Postorgasmic illness syndrome"</a>. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD). <a href="National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/gard/10809/postorgasmic-illness-syndrome/resources/1">the original</a> on March 5, 2016. Retrieved July 30, 2015.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Ashby2010-122"><a href="#cite_ref-Ashby2010_122-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFAshbyGoldmeier2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ashby J, Goldmeier D (May 2010). "Postorgasm illness syndrome--a spectrum of illnesses". J. Sex. Med. 7 (5): 1976–81. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2010.01707.x">10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01707.x</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20214722">20214722</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-McMahon2014-123"><a href="#cite_ref-McMahon2014_123-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcMahon_CG2014" class="citation journal cs1">McMahon CG (October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110554/https://www.statusplus.net/issm/saopaulo2014/presentations/082.pdf">"Post-Orgasmic Illness Syndrome"</a> (PDF). 16th World Meeting on Sexual Medicine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statusplus.net/issm/saopaulo2014/presentations/082.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2015.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Bullough-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Bullough_124-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBulloughBullough2014" class="citation book cs1">Bullough VL, Bullough B (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-cqlAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia</a>. <a href="Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 32. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-135-82502-7</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055204/https://books.google.com/books?id=-cqlAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Rosenthal_2-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Rosenthal_2_125-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRosenthal2012" class="citation book cs1">Rosenthal M (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT170">Human Sexuality: From Cells to Society</a>. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. p. 150. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-618-75571-4</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055213/https://books.google.com/books?id=d58z5hgQ2gsC&pg=PT170">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Weiner2-126">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weiner2_126-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weiner2_126-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFWeinerStrickerWidiger2012" class="citation book cs1">Weiner IB, Stricker G, Widiger TA (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A_NaK3cwQSsC&pg=PA172">Handbook of Psychology, Clinical Psychology</a>. <a href="John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. pp. 172–175. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-118-40443-0</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055236/https://books.google.com/books?id=A_NaK3cwQSsC&pg=PA172">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Carroll_2-127">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carroll_2_127-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carroll_2_127-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFJanell_L._Carroll2012" class="citation book cs1">Janell L. Carroll (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gU3SZSh-eXsC&pg=PT334">Discovery Series: Human Sexuality, 1st ed</a>. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. pp. 302–303. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-111-84189-8</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055149/https://books.google.com/books?id=gU3SZSh-eXsC&pg=PT334">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved August 25, 2013.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Plotnik-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Plotnik_128-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRod_PlotnikHaig_Kouyoumdjian2010" class="citation book cs1">Rod Plotnik, Haig Kouyoumdjian (2010). Introduction to Psychology. <a href="Cengage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage">Cengage</a>. p. 344. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-495-90344-4</bdi>. <q>Inhibited female orgasm refers to a persistent delay or absence of orgasm after becoming aroused and excited. About 10% of women never reach orgasm...</q></cite>

</li>

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<li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cKjnCQAAQBAJ&dq=genital+reflex&pg=PT45">"Nervous System: A Tutorial Study Guide"</a>, by Nicoladie Tam, (2016) <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781301053025</bdi>

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<li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFVernon_W_Lin2010" class="citation book cs1">Vernon W Lin, et al., eds. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I2n5hTAxdTYC&pg=PA431">Spinal Cord Medicine: Principles & Practice</a> (Second ed.). Demos Medical. p. 431. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-935281-77-1</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055203/https://books.google.com/books?id=I2n5hTAxdTYC&dq=genital+reflex&pg=PA431">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved January 25, 2022.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFAllardTruittMcKennaCoolen2005" class="citation journal cs1">Allard J, Truitt WA, McKenna KE, Coolen LM (2005). "Spinal cord control of ejaculation". World Journal of Urology. 23 (2): 119–26. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00345-004-0494-9">10.1007/s00345-004-0494-9</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15947961">15947961</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:24610895">24610895</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131227055826/http://www.anugraha.info/Traningdownload.php?file=20111213044253Trauma.pdf&arg3=resource&op=center">"Trauma Counseling"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anugraha.info/Traningdownload.php?file=20111213044253Trauma.pdf&arg3=resource&op=center">the original</a> on December 27, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.</cite> D. John Anthony, Anugraha Publications, Tamil Nadu, India, Sep. 2005.

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<li id="cite_note-Non-consensual-165">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Non-consensual_165-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Non-consensual_165-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFLevin_RJ,_van_Berlo_WVan_Berlo2004" class="citation journal cs1">Levin RJ, van Berlo W, Van Berlo (April 2004). "Sexual arousal and orgasm in subjects who experience forced or non-consensual sexual stimulation – a review". Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine. 11 (2): 82–8. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jcfm.2003.10.008">10.1016/j.jcfm.2003.10.008</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15261004">15261004</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRajneesh,_Bhagwan_Shree1983" class="citation book cs1">Rajneesh, Bhagwan Shree (1983). Tantra, Spirituality, and Sex. Rajneeshpuram, Or.: Rajneesh Foundation Internat. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-88050-696-0</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFChia,_MantakAbrams,_Douglas1996" class="citation book cs1">Chia, Mantak, Abrams, Douglas (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/multiorgasmicman00chia">The Multi-Orgasmic Man</a>. Harper San Francisco. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-06-251336-6</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDouglas,_NSlinger,_P1979" class="citation book cs1">Douglas, N, Slinger, P (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sexualsecretsalc00doug">Sexual Secrets: The Alchemy of Ecstasy</a>. Destiny Books. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-89281-266-0</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Met</a>. III, 320-21 (translated by Sir Samuel Garth, <a href="John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Dryden</a>, et al, 1717). In the original in <a href="Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, Ovid writes: maior vestra profecto est, / quam quae contingit maribus.

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<li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> Met. III, 323 (translated by A. S. Kline, 2000).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> Met. III, 335.

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<li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> (in Portuguese) Jornal de Letras, Artes e Ideias, Ano XXV/Number 930. May 24 to June 6, 2006.

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<li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> Webb, 1976, p. 2.

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<li id="cite_note-Lauritsen-174">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lauritsen_174-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lauritsen_174-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lauritsen_174-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lauritsen_174-3">d</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paganpressbooks.com/jpl/HHREV3.HTM">Hellenism and Homoeroticism in Shelley and his Circle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080708193419/http://paganpressbooks.com/jpl/HHREV3.HTM">Archived</a> July 8, 2008, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", by John Lauritsen (2008). Consulted on December 10, 2009.

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<li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> Plato, 2001.

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<li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGeorgiadisKortekaasKuipersNieuwenburg2006" class="citation journal cs1">Georgiadis J, Kortekaas R, Kuipers R, Nieuwenburg A, Pruim J, Reinders A, Holstege G (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1460-9568.2006.05206.x">"Regional cerebral blood flow changes associated with clitorally induced orgasm in healthy women"</a>. Eur J Neurosci. 24 (11): 3305–16. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1460-9568.2006.05206.x">10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05206.x</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17156391">17156391</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15731161">15731161</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> Borges, Ficciones, p.28

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<li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> MUCH ADO, v ii 99–101. & Lear, iv vi 201.

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<li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> Partridge, 2001, p.118.

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<li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> See <a href="Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud, Sigmund</a>. The Ego and the Id. The Hogarth Press Ltd. London, 1949. Quoted by Vida Íntima: Enciclopédia do Amor e do Sexo, Abril Cultural, Vol. 1, 1981, <a href="S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brazil, p. 66-67.

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<li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <a href="D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">D. H. Lawrence</a>, New York: Grove Press, 1969, cited by BANKER-RISHKIN; GRANDINETTI, 1997, p.141

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<li id="cite_note-:0-182">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_182-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_182-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMacFarlane2002" class="citation news cs1">MacFarlane R (May 5, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/may/05/fiction.features2">"Laughing all the way to the bonk"</a>. The Observer. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712">0029-7712</a>. Retrieved April 15, 2025.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFFoxFox1971" class="citation journal cs1">Fox CA, Fox B (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1530%2Fjrf.0.0240319">"A comparative study of coital physiology, with special reference to the sexual climax"</a>. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 24 (3): 319–336. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1530%2Fjrf.0.0240319">10.1530/jrf.0.0240319</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4926898">4926898</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309214115/http://www.crocodilian.com/crocfaq/faq-8.html">"Crocodilian Captive Care FAQ (Caiman, Alligator, Crocodile)"</a>. Crocodilian.com. March 5, 1996. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crocodilian.com/crocfaq/faq-8.html">the original</a> on March 9, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2010.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDoodyDinetsBurghardt2021" class="citation book cs1">Doody JS, Dinets V, Burghardt GM (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C1MvEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA49">The Secret Social Lives of Reptiles</a>. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 49. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4214-4068-2</bdi>. Retrieved January 3, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBalcombe2007" class="citation book cs1">Balcombe J (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JTb7_XfgelYC&pg=PA111">Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good</a>. <a href="Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4039-8602-3</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615061205/http://books.google.com/books?id=JTb7_XfgelYC&pg=PA111">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2015.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> National Geographic's Dolphins: The wild side documentary (1999). "Sex is as frequent as it is casual, a social tool used to strengthen and maintain bonds. But beneath the harmony lies a darker side of dolphins. Gangs of strong males pick on younger or smaller dolphins.", quote from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090815060458/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/tv/press/990202.html">National Geographic website</a>

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<li id="cite_note-KomisarukWhipple2009-188"><a href="#cite_ref-KomisarukWhipple2009_188-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBarry_R._KomisarukBeverly_WhippleSara_NasserzadehCarlos_Beyer-Flores2009" class="citation book cs1">Barry R. Komisaruk, Beverly Whipple, Sara Nasserzadeh, Carlos Beyer-Flores (November 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kkts3AX9QVAC&q=(cervidae%7Ccanidae%7Cfelidae%7Cbovidae%7Cmammal)+orgasm&pg=PA60">The Orgasm Answer Guide</a>. JHU Press. pp. 60–. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8018-9395-7</bdi>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055203/https://books.google.com/books?id=Kkts3AX9QVAC&q=%28cervidae%7Ccanidae%7Cfelidae%7Cbovidae%7Cmammal%29+orgasm&pg=PA60">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Banker-Riskin, Anita; Grandinetti, Deborah (1997). Simultaneous Orgasm: And Other Joys of Sexual Intimacy. <a href="Hunter_House_Publishers" title="Hunter House Publishers">Hunter House</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-89793-221-8</bdi>, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-89793-221-9</bdi>.</li>

<li>Gabriele Froböse, Rolf Froböse, Michael Gross (Translator): Lust and Love: Is it More than Chemistry? Publisher: <a href="Royal_Society_of_Chemistry" title="Royal Society of Chemistry">Royal Society of Chemistry</a>, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-85404-867-7</bdi>, (2006).</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFKomisarukBeyer-FloresWhipple2006" class="citation book cs1">Komisaruk BR, Beyer-Flores C, Whipple B (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7rfLcoQ2koQC">The Science of Orgasm</a>. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8018-8895-3</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/614506284">614506284</a>.</cite></li>

<li>PARTRIDGE, Eric (2001). Shakespeare's bawdy: Classics Series Routledge classics. 2nd ed., <a href="Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-415-25400-0</bdi>, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-415-25400-7</bdi>.</li>

<li><a href="Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> (2001). The Banquet. (P.B. Shelley, Trans., J. Lauritsen, Ed., Foreword). Provincetown, MA: <a href="Pagan_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan Press">Pagan Press</a>.</li>

<li>WEBB, Timothy (1976). The violet in the crucible: Shelley and translation, 1976. Oxford: <a href="Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://menshealth.about.com/od/sexualhealth/a/male_orgasm.htm">Men's Health: Male Orgasm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101093636/http://menshealth.about.com/od/sexualhealth/a/male_orgasm.htm">Archived</a> January 1, 2016, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/menshealth/feature/helpwithorgasms.htm">Net Doctor: Female Orgasm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151013070159/http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/menshealth/feature/helpwithorgasms.htm">Archived</a> October 13, 2015, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jx0dTYUO5E">TED Talk</a> by <a href="Mary_Roach" title="Mary Roach">Mary Roach</a> on 10 things you didn't know about orgasm</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Human_physiology_of_sexual_reproduction385" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Human_body" title="Human body">Human physiology</a> of <a href="Human_reproduction" title="Human reproduction">sexual reproduction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Menstrual_cycle" title="Menstrual cycle">Menstrual cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Menarche" title="Menarche">Menarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Menstruation" title="Menstruation">Menstruation</a></li>

<li><a href="Follicular_phase" title="Follicular phase">Follicular phase</a></li>

<li><a href="Ovulation" title="Ovulation">Ovulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Luteal_phase" title="Luteal phase">Luteal phase</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gametogenesis" title="Gametogenesis">Gametogenesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Spermatogenesis" title="Spermatogenesis">Spermatogenesis</a>

<ul><li><a href="Spermatogonium" title="Spermatogonium">spermatogonium</a></li>

<li><a href="Spermatocyte" title="Spermatocyte">spermatocyte</a></li>

<li><a href="Spermatid" title="Spermatid">spermatid</a></li>

<li><a href="Sperm" title="Sperm">sperm</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Oogenesis" title="Oogenesis">Oogenesis</a>

<ul><li><a href="Oogonium" title="Oogonium">oogonium</a></li>

<li><a href="Oocyte" title="Oocyte">oocyte</a></li>

<li><a href="Immature_ovum" title="Immature ovum">ootid</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Gonocyte" title="Gonocyte">gonocyte</a></li>

<li><a href="Gamete" title="Gamete">gamete</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Human sexual activity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a></li>

<li><a href="Masturbation" title="Masturbation">Masturbation</a></li>

<li>Erection

<ul><li><a href="Erection" title="Erection">Penile</a></li>

<li><a href="Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Ejaculation

<li><a href="Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_fertilization" title="Human fertilization">Fertilization</a> / <a href="Fertility" title="Fertility">Fertility</a></li>

<li><a href="Implantation_(embryology)" title="Implantation (embryology)">Implantation</a></li>

<li><a href="Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li>

<li><a href="Postpartum_period" title="Postpartum period">Postpartum period</a></li>

<li><a href="Mechanics_of_human_sexuality" title="Mechanics of human sexuality">Mechanics of sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Development_of_the_reproductive_system" title="Development of the reproductive system">Development of the reproductive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sexual_differentiation_in_humans" title="Sexual differentiation in humans">Sexual differentiation</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">Sexual dimorphism</a></li>

<li><a href="Feminization_(biology)" title="Feminization (biology)">Feminization</a></li>

<li><a href="Virilization" title="Virilization">Virilization</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Puberty" title="Puberty">Puberty</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gonadarche" title="Gonadarche">Gonadarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Tanner_scale" title="Tanner scale">Tanner scale</a></li>

<li><a href="Pubarche" title="Pubarche">Pubarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Menarche" title="Menarche">Menarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Spermarche" title="Spermarche">Spermarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Adrenarche" title="Adrenarche">Adrenarche</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Advanced_maternal_age" title="Advanced maternal age">Maternal age</a> / <a href="Paternal_age_effect" title="Paternal age effect">Paternal age</a></li>

<li><a href="Menopause" title="Menopause">Menopause</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Egg" title="Egg">Egg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Viviparity" title="Viviparity">Vivipary</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Reproductive_endocrinology_and_infertility" title="Reproductive endocrinology and infertility">Reproductive endocrinology and infertility</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93gonadal_axis" title="Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis">Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93prolactin_axis" title="Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis">Hypothalamic–pituitary–prolactin axis</a></li>

<li><a href="Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li>

<li><a href="Hormone" title="Hormone">Hormone</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Breast" title="Breast">Breast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Thelarche" title="Thelarche">Thelarche</a></li>

<li><a href="Breast_development" title="Breast development">Development</a></li>

<li><a href="Lactation" title="Lactation">Lactation</a></li>

<li><a href="Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">Breastfeeding</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Human_reproductive_system" title="Human reproductive system">Human reproductive system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Female_reproductive_system" title="Female reproductive system">Female</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diseases and disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anorgasmia" title="Anorgasmia">Anorgasmia</a></li>

<li><a href="Dysorgasmia" title="Dysorgasmia">Dysorgasmia</a></li>

<li><a href="Dyspareunia" title="Dyspareunia">Dyspareunia</a></li>

<li><a href="Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li>

<li><a href="Hard_flaccid_syndrome" title="Hard flaccid syndrome">Hard flaccid syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Premature_ejaculation" title="Premature ejaculation">Premature ejaculation</a></li>

<li><a href="Vaginismus" title="Vaginismus">Vaginismus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FBAED2;"><div id="Outline_of_human_sexuality686" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Outline_of_human_sexuality" title="Outline of human sexuality">Outline</a> of <a href="Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a> and <a href="Biology" title="Biology">biology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral erection</a></li>

<li><a href="Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">Erogenous zones</a></li>

<li><a href="Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li>

<li><a href="Intersex" title="Intersex">Intersex</a></li>

<li><a href="Libido" title="Libido">Libido</a></li>

<li><a href="Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li>

<li>

<ul><li><a href="Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a> and <a href="Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">male ejaculation</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pelvic_thrust" title="Pelvic thrust">Pelvic thrust</a></li>

<li><a href="Erection" title="Erection">Penile erection</a></li>

<li><a href="Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">Pre-ejaculate</a></li>

<li><a href="Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Sexual response cycle</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">Sexual stimulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Sexual_and_reproductive_health" title="Sexual and reproductive health">Health</a> and <a href="Sex_education" title="Sex education">education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li>

<li><a href="Condom" title="Condom">Condom</a></li>

<li><a href="Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li>

<li><a href="Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a></li>

<li><a href="Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Reproductive_medicine" title="Reproductive medicine">Reproductive medicine</a>

<ul><li><a href="Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li>

<li><a href="Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sex_education" title="Sex education">Sex education</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapy</a> (<a href="PLISSIT_model" title="PLISSIT model">PLISSIT model</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a>

<ul><li><a href="Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hyposexuality</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_medicine" title="Sexual medicine">Sexual medicine</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infection</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Identity_(social_science)" title="Identity (social science)">Identity</a> and <a href="Sexual_diversity" title="Sexual diversity">diversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gender_binary" title="Gender binary">Gender binary</a></li>

<li><a href="Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_identity" title="Sexual identity">Sexual identity</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li>

<li><a href="Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">Women who have sex with women</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li>

<li><a href="Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li>

<li><a href="Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li>

<li><a href="Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Indecent exposure</a></li>

<li><a href="Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_misconduct" title="Sexual misconduct">Sexual misconduct</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Sexual violence</a></li>

<li><a href="Revenge_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge pornography">Revenge pornography</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="History_of_human_sexuality" title="History of human sexuality">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li>

<li><a href="Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li>

<li><a href="Feminist_sex_wars" title="Feminist sex wars">Feminist sex wars</a></li>

<li><a href="Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_erotic_depictions" title="History of erotic depictions">History of erotic depictions</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Intimate_relationship" title="Intimate relationship">Relationships</a> and <a href="Society" title="Society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchism and love/sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Coital_imperative" title="Coital imperative">Coital imperative</a></li>

<li><a href="Extramarital_sex" title="Extramarital sex">Extramarital sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li>

<li><a href="Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li>

<li><a href="Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li>

<li><a href="Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li>

<li><a href="Orgasm_imperative" title="Orgasm imperative">Orgasm imperative</a></li>

<li><a href="Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li>

<li><a href="Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li>

<li><a href="Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">Premarital sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a></li>

<li><a href="Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Sexual objectification</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_slang" title="Sexual slang">Sexual slang</a></li>

<li><a href="Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">China</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">India</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_Japan" title="Sexuality in Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_the_Philippines" title="Sexuality in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">South Korea</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">United States</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Bareback_(sexual_act)" title="Bareback (sexual act)">Bareback</a></li>

<li><a href="Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Creampie_(sexual_act)" title="Creampie (sexual act)">Creampie</a></li>

<li><a href="Edging_(sexual_practice)" title="Edging (sexual practice)">Edging</a></li>

<li><a href="Erotic_sexual_denial" title="Erotic sexual denial">Erotic sexual denial</a></li>

<li><a href="Facial_(sexual_act)" title="Facial (sexual act)">Facial</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Fetishism</a></li>

<li><a href="Fisting" title="Fisting">Fisting</a></li>

<li><a href="Foot_fetishism" title="Foot fetishism">Foot fetishism</a></li>

<li><a href="Footjob" title="Footjob">Footjob</a></li>

<li><a href="Forced_orgasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced orgasm">Forced orgasm</a></li>

<li><a href="Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Mammary_intercourse" title="Mammary intercourse">Mammary intercourse</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Manual sex</a>

<ul><li><a href="Fingering_(sexual_act)#Anus" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Anal fingering</a></li>

<li><a href="Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Fingering</a></li>

<li><a href="Handjob" title="Handjob">Handjob</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Masturbation" title="Masturbation">Masturbation</a></li>

<li><a href="Mechanics_of_human_sexuality" title="Mechanics of human sexuality">Mechanics of sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Nipple_stimulation" title="Nipple stimulation">Nipple stimulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Non-penetrative sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Anilingus" title="Anilingus">Anilingus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cunnilingus" title="Cunnilingus">Cunnilingus</a></li>

<li><a href="Fellatio" title="Fellatio">Fellatio</a></li>

<li><a href="Irrumatio" title="Irrumatio">Irrumatio</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Paraphilia" title="Paraphilia">Paraphilia</a></li>

<li><a href="Pompoir" title="Pompoir">Pompoir</a></li>

<li><a href="Quickie_(sex)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quickie (sex)">Quickie</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexercise" title="Sexercise">Sexercise</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_in_space" title="Sex in space">Sex in space</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_position" title="Sex position">Sex positions</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">Sexual fantasy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Sexual fetishism</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a>

<ul><li><a href="Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">Sexual penetration</a></li>

<li><a href="Sumata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumata">Sumata</a></li>

<li><a href="Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li>

<li><a href="Tribadism" title="Tribadism">Tribadism</a></li>

<li><a href="Urethral_intercourse" title="Urethral intercourse">Urethral intercourse</a></li>

<li><a href="Urolagnia" title="Urolagnia">Urolagnia</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_sex" title="Virtual sex">Virtual sex</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cybersex" title="Cybersex">Cybersex</a></li>

<li><a href="Erotic_talk" title="Erotic talk">Erotic talk</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wet_T-shirt_contest" title="Wet T-shirt contest">Wet T-shirt contest</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sex_and_nudity_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and nudity in video games">Adult video games</a></li>

<li><a href="Erotica" title="Erotica">Erotica</a></li>

<li><a href="Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pornographic_film_actor" title="Pornographic film actor">Film actor</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitution</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred</a></li>

<li><a href="Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_sex_museums" title="List of sex museums">Sex museum</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a>

<ul><li><a href="Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child</a></li>

<li><a href="Female_sex_tourism" title="Female sex tourism">Female</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">Sex worker</a></li>

<li><a href="Strip_club" title="Strip club">Strip club</a></li>

<li><a href="Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">Webcam model</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;background: #FFA6C9;"><a href="Religion_and_sexuality" title="Religion and sexuality">Religion and sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Buddhism_and_sexuality" title="Buddhism and sexuality">Buddhism</a> and <a href="Hinduism_and_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and sexuality">Hinduism</a>

<ul><li><a href="Tantric_sex" title="Tantric sex">Tantric sex</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Christianity_and_sexual_orientation" title="Christianity and sexual orientation">Christianity and sexual orientation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_in_Christian_demonology" title="Sexuality in Christian demonology">Christian demonology</a></li>

<li><a href="Clerical_celibacy" title="Clerical celibacy">Clerical celibacy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Buddhist_monasticism" title="Buddhist monasticism">Buddhist monasticism</a></li>

<li><a href="Clerical_celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li>

<li><a href="Matha" title="Matha">Hindu monasticism</a></li>

<li><a href="Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Jain monasticism</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Taoist_sexual_practices" title="Taoist sexual practices">Daoism</a></li>

<li><a href="Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Islam</a></li>

<li><a href="Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Judaism</a></li>

<li><a href="Religion_and_LGBTQ_people" title="Religion and LGBTQ people">LGBTQ people</a>

<ul><li><a href="LGBTQ-affirming_religious_groups" title="LGBTQ-affirming religious groups">LGBTQ-affirming religions</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_and_Mormonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexuality and Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li>

<li><a href="Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred prostitution</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sacred_prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Sacred prostitution in ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a>

<ul><li><a href="Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FBAED2;"><div>

<ul><li> <a href="Portal%3AHuman_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_sexuality_and_sexology177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FBAED2;"><div id="Human_sexuality_and_sexology177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">Human sexuality</a> and <a href="Sexology" title="Sexology">sexology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;text-align:center; background: #FFA6C9;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="Sexual_relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual relationship">Sexual relationship</a> phenomena</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aromanticism" title="Aromanticism">Aromanticism</a></li>

<li><a href="Asexuality" title="Asexuality">Asexuality</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gray_asexuality" title="Gray asexuality">Gray asexuality</a>

<ul><li><a href="Demisexuality" title="Demisexuality">Demisexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Fictosexuality" title="Fictosexuality">Fictosexuality</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bisexuality" title="Bisexuality">Bisexuality</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pansexuality" title="Pansexuality">Pansexuality</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Casual_dating" title="Casual dating">Casual relationship</a></li>

<li><a href="Casual_sex" title="Casual sex">Casual sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Celibacy" title="Celibacy">Celibacy</a>

<ul><li><a href="Love_shyness" class="mw-redirect" title="Love shyness">Love shyness</a></li>

<li><a href="Celibacy_syndrome" title="Celibacy syndrome">Celibacy syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Herbivore_men" title="Herbivore men">Herbivore men</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Committed_relationship" title="Committed relationship">Committed relationship</a></li>

<li><a href="Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li>

<li><a href="Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li>

<li><a href="Friends_with_benefits_relationships" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends with benefits relationships">Friends with benefits relationships</a></li>

<li><a href="Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Heterosexuality" title="Heterosexuality">Heterosexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="LGBTQ" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a></li>

<li><a href="Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li>

<li><a href="One-night_stand" title="One-night stand">One-night stand</a></li>

<li><a href="Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li>

<li><a href="Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a>

<ul><li><a href="Female_promiscuity" title="Female promiscuity">Female</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romantic love</a>

<ul><li><a href="Romantic_orientation" title="Romantic orientation">Romantic orientation</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Queer_heterosexuality" title="Queer heterosexuality">Queer heterosexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">Sexual partner</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li>

<li><a href="Single_person" title="Single person">Single person</a></li>

<li><a href="Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li>

<li><a href="Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;text-align:center; background: #FFA6C9;">Sexual dynamics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hypergamy" title="Hypergamy">Hypergamy</a></li>

<li><a href="Physical_attractiveness" title="Physical attractiveness">Physical attractiveness</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_frustration" title="Sexual frustration">Sexual frustration</a></li>

<li><a href="Sociosexuality" title="Sociosexuality">Sociosexuality</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FBAED2;;width:1%;text-align:center; background: #FFA6C9;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abortion-rights_movement" title="Abortion-rights movement">Abortion-rights movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Adolescent_sexuality" title="Adolescent sexuality">Adolescent sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li>

<li><a href="Decriminalization_of_sex_work" title="Decriminalization of sex work">Decriminalization of sex work</a></li>

<li><a href="Dogging_(sexual_slang)" title="Dogging (sexual slang)">Dogging (sexual slang)</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_female_sexuality" title="Human female sexuality">Human female sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_male_sexuality" title="Human male sexuality">Human male sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="LGBTQ_rights_by_country_or_territory" title="LGBTQ rights by country or territory">LGBTQ rights by country or territory</a></li>

<li><a href="Porn_for_women" title="Porn for women">Porn for women</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_sex" title="Public sex">Public sex</a></li>

<li><a href="Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">Reproductive rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">Right to privacy</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_Addicts_Anonymous" title="Sex Addicts Anonymous">Sex Addicts Anonymous</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_and_drugs" title="Sex and drugs">Sex and drugs</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_worker_movements" title="Sex worker movements">Sex worker movements</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_workers'_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">Sex workers' rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexecology" title="Sexecology">Sexecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sex-positive feminism</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_and_reproductive_health_and_rights" title="Sexual and reproductive health and rights">Sexual and reproductive health and rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_jealousy" title="Sexual jealousy">Sexual jealousy</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_norm" title="Sexual norm">Sexual norm</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li>

<li><a href="Sexuality_and_disability" title="Sexuality and disability">Sexuality and disability</a></li>

<li><a href="Stanley_v._Georgia" title="Stanley v. Georgia">Stanley v. Georgia</a></li>

<li><a href="Women's_erotica" title="Women's erotica">Women's erotica</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post-orgasmic_diseases74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Post-orgasmic_diseases74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post-orgasmic diseases</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illnesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dhat_syndrome" title="Dhat syndrome">Dhat syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Honeymoon_rhinitis" title="Honeymoon rhinitis">Honeymoon rhinitis</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-coital_tristesse" title="Post-coital tristesse">Post-coital tristesse</a> (PCT)</li>

<li><a href="Postorgasmic_illness_syndrome" title="Postorgasmic illness syndrome">Postorgasmic illness syndrome</a> (POIS)</li>

<li><a href="Sexual_headache" title="Sexual headache">Sexual headache</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Specialty_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialty (medicine)">Specialties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li>

<li><a href="Allergy" title="Allergy">Allergy</a></li>

<li><a href="Endocrinology" title="Endocrinology">Endocrinology</a></li>

<li><a href="Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Psychiatry" title="Psychiatry">Psychiatry</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">Ejaculation</a></li>

<li><a href="La_petite_mort" title="La petite mort">La petite mort</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5887#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1476" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5887#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1476" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4043843-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85095593">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11975532h">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11975532h">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph136625&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007550935705171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/concept/3fcdf06d-f14a-464a-88b3-49e024182208">Yale LUX</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-01" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Orgasm&oldid=1303745652">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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